A mechanistic analysis of the crack initiation and growth in rubbers composites containing sustainable thermoplastic elastomers
Recycling challenges in rubber have driven research into recyclable thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) to extend the life cycle of conventional rubbers. This study investigates the impact of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) TPEs on the crack growth behavior of silica-reinforced NR and SBR rubber compoun...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-09-01
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| Series: | Results in Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025019681 |
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| author | Mohammad Abbasi-Soureshjani Mohammad Alimardani Hossein Roshanaei |
| author_facet | Mohammad Abbasi-Soureshjani Mohammad Alimardani Hossein Roshanaei |
| author_sort | Mohammad Abbasi-Soureshjani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recycling challenges in rubber have driven research into recyclable thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) to extend the life cycle of conventional rubbers. This study investigates the impact of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) TPEs on the crack growth behavior of silica-reinforced NR and SBR rubber compounds. Crack growth analyses, including trouser tearing, fatigue flex cracking resistance, and tearing patterns, were conducted alongside morphological and viscoelastic non-linear tests to establish a mechanistic understanding. Results revealed a critical TPE loading level at which crack growth behavior improves. NR exhibited enhanced crack resistance at low TPE content, with 20 phr SBS providing exceptional fatigue resistance—showing no cracking damage even after 100,000 dynamic loading cycles. This improvement was attributed to enhanced silica dispersion which creates stronger filler-polymer interactions, increased energy dissipation in the interphase layer, and physical barriers to crack propagation. However, excessive TPE in NR led to property deterioration due to increased chain mobility. For SBR, crack growth resistance improved with higher SBS content, particularly at 40 phr. These findings highlight the potential of TPEs in sustainable engineering applications by optimizing crack resistance in rubber composites. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cd5e708a24f0458cb8b63147b308005e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2590-1230 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Results in Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-cd5e708a24f0458cb8b63147b308005e2025-08-20T02:35:03ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302025-09-012710589710.1016/j.rineng.2025.105897A mechanistic analysis of the crack initiation and growth in rubbers composites containing sustainable thermoplastic elastomersMohammad Abbasi-Soureshjani0Mohammad Alimardani1Hossein Roshanaei2Polymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranPolymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Corresponding author at: P.O. Box 14115-114, Iran.Department of Research and Development, Iran Yasa Tire and Rubber Company, Tehran, IranRecycling challenges in rubber have driven research into recyclable thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) to extend the life cycle of conventional rubbers. This study investigates the impact of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) TPEs on the crack growth behavior of silica-reinforced NR and SBR rubber compounds. Crack growth analyses, including trouser tearing, fatigue flex cracking resistance, and tearing patterns, were conducted alongside morphological and viscoelastic non-linear tests to establish a mechanistic understanding. Results revealed a critical TPE loading level at which crack growth behavior improves. NR exhibited enhanced crack resistance at low TPE content, with 20 phr SBS providing exceptional fatigue resistance—showing no cracking damage even after 100,000 dynamic loading cycles. This improvement was attributed to enhanced silica dispersion which creates stronger filler-polymer interactions, increased energy dissipation in the interphase layer, and physical barriers to crack propagation. However, excessive TPE in NR led to property deterioration due to increased chain mobility. For SBR, crack growth resistance improved with higher SBS content, particularly at 40 phr. These findings highlight the potential of TPEs in sustainable engineering applications by optimizing crack resistance in rubber composites.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025019681Crack growthFatigue life extensionSilicaRubberSBS |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Abbasi-Soureshjani Mohammad Alimardani Hossein Roshanaei A mechanistic analysis of the crack initiation and growth in rubbers composites containing sustainable thermoplastic elastomers Results in Engineering Crack growth Fatigue life extension Silica Rubber SBS |
| title | A mechanistic analysis of the crack initiation and growth in rubbers composites containing sustainable thermoplastic elastomers |
| title_full | A mechanistic analysis of the crack initiation and growth in rubbers composites containing sustainable thermoplastic elastomers |
| title_fullStr | A mechanistic analysis of the crack initiation and growth in rubbers composites containing sustainable thermoplastic elastomers |
| title_full_unstemmed | A mechanistic analysis of the crack initiation and growth in rubbers composites containing sustainable thermoplastic elastomers |
| title_short | A mechanistic analysis of the crack initiation and growth in rubbers composites containing sustainable thermoplastic elastomers |
| title_sort | mechanistic analysis of the crack initiation and growth in rubbers composites containing sustainable thermoplastic elastomers |
| topic | Crack growth Fatigue life extension Silica Rubber SBS |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025019681 |
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