Raman Hyperspectroscopy and Chemometric Analysis of Blood Serum for Diagnosing Celiac Disease in Adults
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by an abnormal immune response to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Current diagnostic methods, including serological assessments and biopsies, can be challenging due to the disease’s heterogeneous nature, creating a nee...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-05-01
|
| Series: | Photonics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/6/553 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849425481104883712 |
|---|---|
| author | Entesar Al-Hetlani Lamyaa M. Almehmadi Igor K. Lednev |
| author_facet | Entesar Al-Hetlani Lamyaa M. Almehmadi Igor K. Lednev |
| author_sort | Entesar Al-Hetlani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by an abnormal immune response to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Current diagnostic methods, including serological assessments and biopsies, can be challenging due to the disease’s heterogeneous nature, creating a need for a reliable, noninvasive diagnostic approach. Here, in this study, we aimed to extend the Raman peak area ratios approach to the adult population. However, our findings indicate no significant differences in Raman peak area ratios between healthy and diseased adults based on blood serum samples. Nevertheless, genetic algorithm combined with partial least squares discriminant analysis (GA-PLS-DA) allowed differentiation with 92% sensitivity and 96% specificity at the spectral level in external validation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed 100% classification at the donor level in external validation. These results demonstrate further that Raman spectroscopy, combined with chemometrics, is a promising, noninvasive tool for CD diagnosis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cd5d47e57b8742cf8a0482f15a4fcdff |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj-art-cd5d47e57b8742cf8a0482f15a4fcdff2025-08-20T03:29:44ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322025-05-0112655310.3390/photonics12060553Raman Hyperspectroscopy and Chemometric Analysis of Blood Serum for Diagnosing Celiac Disease in AdultsEntesar Al-Hetlani0Lamyaa M. Almehmadi1Igor K. Lednev2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, KuwaitChemistry Department, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222, USAChemistry Department, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222, USACeliac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by an abnormal immune response to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Current diagnostic methods, including serological assessments and biopsies, can be challenging due to the disease’s heterogeneous nature, creating a need for a reliable, noninvasive diagnostic approach. Here, in this study, we aimed to extend the Raman peak area ratios approach to the adult population. However, our findings indicate no significant differences in Raman peak area ratios between healthy and diseased adults based on blood serum samples. Nevertheless, genetic algorithm combined with partial least squares discriminant analysis (GA-PLS-DA) allowed differentiation with 92% sensitivity and 96% specificity at the spectral level in external validation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed 100% classification at the donor level in external validation. These results demonstrate further that Raman spectroscopy, combined with chemometrics, is a promising, noninvasive tool for CD diagnosis.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/6/553Raman spectroscopyceliac diseasechemometrics |
| spellingShingle | Entesar Al-Hetlani Lamyaa M. Almehmadi Igor K. Lednev Raman Hyperspectroscopy and Chemometric Analysis of Blood Serum for Diagnosing Celiac Disease in Adults Photonics Raman spectroscopy celiac disease chemometrics |
| title | Raman Hyperspectroscopy and Chemometric Analysis of Blood Serum for Diagnosing Celiac Disease in Adults |
| title_full | Raman Hyperspectroscopy and Chemometric Analysis of Blood Serum for Diagnosing Celiac Disease in Adults |
| title_fullStr | Raman Hyperspectroscopy and Chemometric Analysis of Blood Serum for Diagnosing Celiac Disease in Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Raman Hyperspectroscopy and Chemometric Analysis of Blood Serum for Diagnosing Celiac Disease in Adults |
| title_short | Raman Hyperspectroscopy and Chemometric Analysis of Blood Serum for Diagnosing Celiac Disease in Adults |
| title_sort | raman hyperspectroscopy and chemometric analysis of blood serum for diagnosing celiac disease in adults |
| topic | Raman spectroscopy celiac disease chemometrics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/6/553 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT entesaralhetlani ramanhyperspectroscopyandchemometricanalysisofbloodserumfordiagnosingceliacdiseaseinadults AT lamyaamalmehmadi ramanhyperspectroscopyandchemometricanalysisofbloodserumfordiagnosingceliacdiseaseinadults AT igorklednev ramanhyperspectroscopyandchemometricanalysisofbloodserumfordiagnosingceliacdiseaseinadults |