Range‐Wide Assessment of the Tasmanian Devil Gut Microbiome

ABSTRACT The gut microbiome is an important component of host health and function and is influenced by internal and external factors such as host phylogeny, age, diet, and environment. Monitoring the gut microbiome has become an increasingly important management tool for wild populations of threaten...

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Main Authors: Meadhbh M. Molloy, Elspeth A. McLennan, Samantha Fox, Katherine Belov, Carolyn J. Hogg
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-05-01
Series:Ecology and Evolution
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71196
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author Meadhbh M. Molloy
Elspeth A. McLennan
Samantha Fox
Katherine Belov
Carolyn J. Hogg
author_facet Meadhbh M. Molloy
Elspeth A. McLennan
Samantha Fox
Katherine Belov
Carolyn J. Hogg
author_sort Meadhbh M. Molloy
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT The gut microbiome is an important component of host health and function and is influenced by internal and external factors such as host phylogeny, age, diet, and environment. Monitoring the gut microbiome has become an increasingly important management tool for wild populations of threatened species. The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) is the largest extant carnivorous marsupial from the island state of Tasmania, Australia. Devils are currently endangered due to devil facial tumor disease. Previous assessments have shown differences between captive and wild devil gut microbiomes and changes during translocations. However, wild gut microbiome variability across Tasmania and the drivers of these differences are not well understood. We conducted a range‐wide assessment of gut microbiomes at 10 locations across Tasmania, via 16S rRNA sequencing, and tested the influence of diet (12S vertebrate sequencing), location, sex, and cohort. We show that the five most abundant phyla and genera were consistent across all 10 locations. Location, cohort, and sex impacted bacterial richness, but location did not impact diversity. While there were differences in diet across the state, there was no strong evidence of differences between juveniles and adults, nor between males and females. Contrary to our hypothesis, the vertebrate diet explained a small amount of variation in microbial communities. We suspect that other variables, such as environmental factors and immune system development, may have a stronger influence on gut microbiome variability. Dietary components missed by our 12S primer, including invertebrates and plants, may also contribute to these patterns. Adjustments to dietary supplementation are not recommended when preparing devils for translocation to different sites. Future research should prioritize collecting environmental samples for microbial analysis and integrating metabolomics to elucidate functional differences associated with Tasmanian devil gut microbiome variability.
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spelling doaj-art-cd531e6f509245e9ae49be68f2d19fcf2025-08-20T03:10:10ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582025-05-01155n/an/a10.1002/ece3.71196Range‐Wide Assessment of the Tasmanian Devil Gut MicrobiomeMeadhbh M. Molloy0Elspeth A. McLennan1Samantha Fox2Katherine Belov3Carolyn J. Hogg4School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales AustraliaSchool of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales AustraliaSave the Tasmanian Devil Program Department of Natural Resources and Environment Hobart Tasmania AustraliaSchool of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales AustraliaSchool of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales AustraliaABSTRACT The gut microbiome is an important component of host health and function and is influenced by internal and external factors such as host phylogeny, age, diet, and environment. Monitoring the gut microbiome has become an increasingly important management tool for wild populations of threatened species. The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) is the largest extant carnivorous marsupial from the island state of Tasmania, Australia. Devils are currently endangered due to devil facial tumor disease. Previous assessments have shown differences between captive and wild devil gut microbiomes and changes during translocations. However, wild gut microbiome variability across Tasmania and the drivers of these differences are not well understood. We conducted a range‐wide assessment of gut microbiomes at 10 locations across Tasmania, via 16S rRNA sequencing, and tested the influence of diet (12S vertebrate sequencing), location, sex, and cohort. We show that the five most abundant phyla and genera were consistent across all 10 locations. Location, cohort, and sex impacted bacterial richness, but location did not impact diversity. While there were differences in diet across the state, there was no strong evidence of differences between juveniles and adults, nor between males and females. Contrary to our hypothesis, the vertebrate diet explained a small amount of variation in microbial communities. We suspect that other variables, such as environmental factors and immune system development, may have a stronger influence on gut microbiome variability. Dietary components missed by our 12S primer, including invertebrates and plants, may also contribute to these patterns. Adjustments to dietary supplementation are not recommended when preparing devils for translocation to different sites. Future research should prioritize collecting environmental samples for microbial analysis and integrating metabolomics to elucidate functional differences associated with Tasmanian devil gut microbiome variability.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71196amplicon sequencingconservationdietmetabarcodingmicrobiomethreatened species
spellingShingle Meadhbh M. Molloy
Elspeth A. McLennan
Samantha Fox
Katherine Belov
Carolyn J. Hogg
Range‐Wide Assessment of the Tasmanian Devil Gut Microbiome
Ecology and Evolution
amplicon sequencing
conservation
diet
metabarcoding
microbiome
threatened species
title Range‐Wide Assessment of the Tasmanian Devil Gut Microbiome
title_full Range‐Wide Assessment of the Tasmanian Devil Gut Microbiome
title_fullStr Range‐Wide Assessment of the Tasmanian Devil Gut Microbiome
title_full_unstemmed Range‐Wide Assessment of the Tasmanian Devil Gut Microbiome
title_short Range‐Wide Assessment of the Tasmanian Devil Gut Microbiome
title_sort range wide assessment of the tasmanian devil gut microbiome
topic amplicon sequencing
conservation
diet
metabarcoding
microbiome
threatened species
url https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71196
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