Computed Tomography-Based Radiomics Diagnostic Model for Fat-Poor Small Renal Tumor Subtypes
<b>Background:</b> Differentiating histologic subtypes of fat-poor small renal masses using conventional imaging remains difficult due to their overlapping radiologic characteristics. We aimed to develop a machine learning-based diagnostic model using CT-derived radiomic features to clas...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/11/1365 |
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| Summary: | <b>Background:</b> Differentiating histologic subtypes of fat-poor small renal masses using conventional imaging remains difficult due to their overlapping radiologic characteristics. We aimed to develop a machine learning-based diagnostic model using CT-derived radiomic features to classify the five most common renal tumor subtypes: clear cell RCC (ccRCC), papillary RCC (pRCC), chromophobe RCC (chRCC), angiomyolipoma (AML), and oncocytoma. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 499 patients with pathologically confirmed renal tumors who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced CT and nephrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. <b>Results:</b> We extracted and analyzed radiomic features from 1548 multi-phase CT scans from 499 patients, focusing on fat-poor tumors. Five machine learning classifiers including Linear SVM, Rbf SVM, Random Forest, and XGBoost were involved. Among the models, XGBoost showed the best classification performance, with an average AU-PRC: mean = 0.757, standard error = 0.033 and a renal angiomyolipoma-specific AU-ROC: mean = 0.824, standard error = 0.023. These results outperformed other single-phase CT radiomic feature-based machine learning models trained with 20% of principal components. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study demonstrates the effectiveness of radiomics-based machine learning in classifying renal tumor subtypes and highlights the potential of AI in medical imaging. The findings, particularly the utility of single-phase CT and feature optimization, offer valuable insights for future precision medicine approaches. Such methods may support more personalized diagnosis and treatment planning in renal oncology. |
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| ISSN: | 2075-4418 |