Antibody-functionalized MXene-based electrochemical biosensor for point-of-care detection of vitamin D deficiency

Abstract Clinical studies routinely show that individuals suffer from vitamin D deficiency, which can result in health complications that include cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and different skeletal deformities. Given its integral role in homeostasis and c...

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Main Authors: Sharat Chandra Barman, Yuming Jin, Jehad K. El-Demellawi, Simil Thomas, Nimer Wehbe, Yongjiu Lei, Mrinal Kanti Hota, Xiangming Xu, Erol A. Hasan, Omar F. Mohammed, Osman M. Bakr, Dana Alsulaiman, Husam N. Alshareef
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-02-01
Series:Communications Materials
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-025-00756-9
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author Sharat Chandra Barman
Yuming Jin
Jehad K. El-Demellawi
Simil Thomas
Nimer Wehbe
Yongjiu Lei
Mrinal Kanti Hota
Xiangming Xu
Erol A. Hasan
Omar F. Mohammed
Osman M. Bakr
Dana Alsulaiman
Husam N. Alshareef
author_facet Sharat Chandra Barman
Yuming Jin
Jehad K. El-Demellawi
Simil Thomas
Nimer Wehbe
Yongjiu Lei
Mrinal Kanti Hota
Xiangming Xu
Erol A. Hasan
Omar F. Mohammed
Osman M. Bakr
Dana Alsulaiman
Husam N. Alshareef
author_sort Sharat Chandra Barman
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Clinical studies routinely show that individuals suffer from vitamin D deficiency, which can result in health complications that include cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and different skeletal deformities. Given its integral role in homeostasis and connection to many pathologies, early diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency is crucial. However, monitoring vitamin D levels is challenging, particularly in remote regions, due to the cost, time, and complexity of existing methods. Here, we develop an electrochemical biosensor for vitamin D based on antibody-functionalized MXenes, offering clinically relevant sensitivity, specificity, and amenability for point-of-care testing. Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets are amine-functionalized by electrostatically-driven modification with polyethylenimine, whose functionalities are then used for covalent conjugation of anti-vitamin D antibodies via glutaraldehyde chemistry. This platform achieves a detection limit of 1 pg mL−1 with a dynamic range (0.1–500 ng mL−1) that covers clinically relevant deficiency, insufficiency, sufficiency, and toxicity.
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spelling doaj-art-cd426be30b6f45a0aaebef104f62b8ce2025-08-20T03:13:12ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Materials2662-44432025-02-016111110.1038/s43246-025-00756-9Antibody-functionalized MXene-based electrochemical biosensor for point-of-care detection of vitamin D deficiencySharat Chandra Barman0Yuming Jin1Jehad K. El-Demellawi2Simil Thomas3Nimer Wehbe4Yongjiu Lei5Mrinal Kanti Hota6Xiangming Xu7Erol A. Hasan8Omar F. Mohammed9Osman M. Bakr10Dana Alsulaiman11Husam N. Alshareef12Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Center for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Abstract Clinical studies routinely show that individuals suffer from vitamin D deficiency, which can result in health complications that include cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and different skeletal deformities. Given its integral role in homeostasis and connection to many pathologies, early diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency is crucial. However, monitoring vitamin D levels is challenging, particularly in remote regions, due to the cost, time, and complexity of existing methods. Here, we develop an electrochemical biosensor for vitamin D based on antibody-functionalized MXenes, offering clinically relevant sensitivity, specificity, and amenability for point-of-care testing. Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets are amine-functionalized by electrostatically-driven modification with polyethylenimine, whose functionalities are then used for covalent conjugation of anti-vitamin D antibodies via glutaraldehyde chemistry. This platform achieves a detection limit of 1 pg mL−1 with a dynamic range (0.1–500 ng mL−1) that covers clinically relevant deficiency, insufficiency, sufficiency, and toxicity.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-025-00756-9
spellingShingle Sharat Chandra Barman
Yuming Jin
Jehad K. El-Demellawi
Simil Thomas
Nimer Wehbe
Yongjiu Lei
Mrinal Kanti Hota
Xiangming Xu
Erol A. Hasan
Omar F. Mohammed
Osman M. Bakr
Dana Alsulaiman
Husam N. Alshareef
Antibody-functionalized MXene-based electrochemical biosensor for point-of-care detection of vitamin D deficiency
Communications Materials
title Antibody-functionalized MXene-based electrochemical biosensor for point-of-care detection of vitamin D deficiency
title_full Antibody-functionalized MXene-based electrochemical biosensor for point-of-care detection of vitamin D deficiency
title_fullStr Antibody-functionalized MXene-based electrochemical biosensor for point-of-care detection of vitamin D deficiency
title_full_unstemmed Antibody-functionalized MXene-based electrochemical biosensor for point-of-care detection of vitamin D deficiency
title_short Antibody-functionalized MXene-based electrochemical biosensor for point-of-care detection of vitamin D deficiency
title_sort antibody functionalized mxene based electrochemical biosensor for point of care detection of vitamin d deficiency
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-025-00756-9
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