A novel disease-causing variant associated with a milder phenotype of AARS2-related leukodystrophy — A case report

Background and objectives: Adult-onset leukodystrophies are a rare group of neurological disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of the cerebral white matter. One of these diseases is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the AARS2 gene. We describe a patient with late-onset AARS2-r...

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Main Authors: Joana Fernandes, João Moura, João Tarrio, Jorge Oliveira, Ana Lopes, João Parente Freixo, Gonçalo Videira
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214426924001101
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author Joana Fernandes
João Moura
João Tarrio
Jorge Oliveira
Ana Lopes
João Parente Freixo
Gonçalo Videira
author_facet Joana Fernandes
João Moura
João Tarrio
Jorge Oliveira
Ana Lopes
João Parente Freixo
Gonçalo Videira
author_sort Joana Fernandes
collection DOAJ
description Background and objectives: Adult-onset leukodystrophies are a rare group of neurological disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of the cerebral white matter. One of these diseases is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the AARS2 gene. We describe a patient with late-onset AARS2-related leukoencephalopathy, a milder phenotype and a novel disease-causing variant. Methods: The patient was characterized during routine clinical practice. Results: A 40-year-old male was evaluated for chronic headaches. Six years before, he was hospitalized for a major depression with psychotic features. The first neurological examination was normal, except for a slow downbeat nystagmus. Brain MRI revealed significant hyperintensities in T2 and T2-FLAIR bilaterally in the frontal lobes, with periventricular and corpus callosum involvement, and without restricted diffusion. A multigene panel for leukodystrophies based on whole-exome sequencing identified two heterozygous variants in the AARS2 gene: one previously reported in the literature, already classified as pathogenic, NM_020745.4:c.595C > T (p.(Arg199Cys)), and one novel variant c.730G > A (p.(Val244Ile)), later reclassified as likely pathogenic. Nine years have passed since the first symptoms without clear clinical progression. Discussion: This case underlines that adult-onset leukodystrophy caused by variants in AARS2 may have a wide range of phenotypes and patterns of progression. The new variant c.730G > A (p.(Val244Ile)) herein described may induce a milder clinical picture and a less severe radiological pattern. Practical implications: Adult-onset leukoencephalopathies may present with milder clinical signs than what is generally perceived, and novel disease-causing variants are being identified.
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spelling doaj-art-cd362a06e5ad41a985835ef96c6e351a2025-08-20T01:58:23ZengElsevierMolecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports2214-42692024-12-014110115710.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101157A novel disease-causing variant associated with a milder phenotype of AARS2-related leukodystrophy — A case reportJoana Fernandes0João Moura1João Tarrio2Jorge Oliveira3Ana Lopes4João Parente Freixo5Gonçalo Videira6Neurology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; Corresponding author.Neurology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Porto, PortugalNeuroradiology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; Neuroradiology Department, Hospital Central do Funchal – Dr. Nélio Mendonça, Madeira, PortugalCentro de Genética Preditiva e Preventiva (CGPP), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalCentro de Genética Preditiva e Preventiva (CGPP), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalCentro de Genética Preditiva e Preventiva (CGPP), Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalNeurophysiology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Porto, PortugalBackground and objectives: Adult-onset leukodystrophies are a rare group of neurological disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of the cerebral white matter. One of these diseases is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the AARS2 gene. We describe a patient with late-onset AARS2-related leukoencephalopathy, a milder phenotype and a novel disease-causing variant. Methods: The patient was characterized during routine clinical practice. Results: A 40-year-old male was evaluated for chronic headaches. Six years before, he was hospitalized for a major depression with psychotic features. The first neurological examination was normal, except for a slow downbeat nystagmus. Brain MRI revealed significant hyperintensities in T2 and T2-FLAIR bilaterally in the frontal lobes, with periventricular and corpus callosum involvement, and without restricted diffusion. A multigene panel for leukodystrophies based on whole-exome sequencing identified two heterozygous variants in the AARS2 gene: one previously reported in the literature, already classified as pathogenic, NM_020745.4:c.595C > T (p.(Arg199Cys)), and one novel variant c.730G > A (p.(Val244Ile)), later reclassified as likely pathogenic. Nine years have passed since the first symptoms without clear clinical progression. Discussion: This case underlines that adult-onset leukodystrophy caused by variants in AARS2 may have a wide range of phenotypes and patterns of progression. The new variant c.730G > A (p.(Val244Ile)) herein described may induce a milder clinical picture and a less severe radiological pattern. Practical implications: Adult-onset leukoencephalopathies may present with milder clinical signs than what is generally perceived, and novel disease-causing variants are being identified.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214426924001101
spellingShingle Joana Fernandes
João Moura
João Tarrio
Jorge Oliveira
Ana Lopes
João Parente Freixo
Gonçalo Videira
A novel disease-causing variant associated with a milder phenotype of AARS2-related leukodystrophy — A case report
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports
title A novel disease-causing variant associated with a milder phenotype of AARS2-related leukodystrophy — A case report
title_full A novel disease-causing variant associated with a milder phenotype of AARS2-related leukodystrophy — A case report
title_fullStr A novel disease-causing variant associated with a milder phenotype of AARS2-related leukodystrophy — A case report
title_full_unstemmed A novel disease-causing variant associated with a milder phenotype of AARS2-related leukodystrophy — A case report
title_short A novel disease-causing variant associated with a milder phenotype of AARS2-related leukodystrophy — A case report
title_sort novel disease causing variant associated with a milder phenotype of aars2 related leukodystrophy a case report
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214426924001101
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