Antimicrobial properties and bioactivity of zirconia-based biocomposites
Zirconia-based composites are promising materials for medical and dental applications. They are widely used due to their osteoconductivity and chemical stability. Moreover, when modified with beneficial fillers, they combine mechanical strength with bioactivity. This study addresses the interplay be...
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| Format: | Article |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21691401.2025.2540647 |
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| author | Magdalena Ziąbka Agnieszka Wojteczko Karolina Klesiewicz Elżbieta Menaszek Sebastian Komarek Paweł Kwaśniewski Wojciech Chrzanowski |
| author_facet | Magdalena Ziąbka Agnieszka Wojteczko Karolina Klesiewicz Elżbieta Menaszek Sebastian Komarek Paweł Kwaśniewski Wojciech Chrzanowski |
| author_sort | Magdalena Ziąbka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Zirconia-based composites are promising materials for medical and dental applications. They are widely used due to their osteoconductivity and chemical stability. Moreover, when modified with beneficial fillers, they combine mechanical strength with bioactivity. This study addresses the interplay between bioactive fillers, cytotoxicity, antibacterial activity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in ZrO2 composites. The composites were tested for their biological properties. Thanks to hydrothermally obtained zirconia used in ZrO2/HAp composites the sintering temperature was reduced, which limited hydroxyapatite decomposition. However, ZrO2/HAp composites revealed higher cytotoxicity and ROS levels, linked to calcium ion release resulting from the partial HAp decomposition. Composites with BGCu exhibited strong antibacterial activity and acceptable cytotoxicity due to copper ions disrupting microbial structures and inducing oxidative stress. hBN-containing composites displayed moderate bacteriostatic activity but higher cytotoxicity than BGCu composites. These findings highlight the potential of ZrO2/BGCu composites as bioactive materials for bone regeneration and antimicrobial applications. While composites with hydroxyapatite demonstrate a balance between bioactivity and cytotoxicity, BGCu emerge as a promising modification to enhance antibacterial properties with controlled cytotoxicity. Further research is needed to optimise filler compositions to balance ion release, biological stability, and functionality. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cd22d2e9f0d241948b23c32e977dcf76 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2169-1401 2169-141X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj-art-cd22d2e9f0d241948b23c32e977dcf762025-08-20T02:49:46ZengTaylor & Francis GroupArtificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology2169-14012169-141X2025-12-0153136137810.1080/21691401.2025.2540647Antimicrobial properties and bioactivity of zirconia-based biocompositesMagdalena Ziąbka0Agnieszka Wojteczko1Karolina Klesiewicz2Elżbieta Menaszek3Sebastian Komarek4Paweł Kwaśniewski5Wojciech Chrzanowski6Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, Department of Ceramics and Refractories, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, PolandFaculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, Department of Ceramics and Refractories, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, PolandFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, PolandFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Cytobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, PolandFaculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, Department of Ceramics and Refractories, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, PolandFaculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, Department of Plastic Forming and Metal Science of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, PolandFaculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaZirconia-based composites are promising materials for medical and dental applications. They are widely used due to their osteoconductivity and chemical stability. Moreover, when modified with beneficial fillers, they combine mechanical strength with bioactivity. This study addresses the interplay between bioactive fillers, cytotoxicity, antibacterial activity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in ZrO2 composites. The composites were tested for their biological properties. Thanks to hydrothermally obtained zirconia used in ZrO2/HAp composites the sintering temperature was reduced, which limited hydroxyapatite decomposition. However, ZrO2/HAp composites revealed higher cytotoxicity and ROS levels, linked to calcium ion release resulting from the partial HAp decomposition. Composites with BGCu exhibited strong antibacterial activity and acceptable cytotoxicity due to copper ions disrupting microbial structures and inducing oxidative stress. hBN-containing composites displayed moderate bacteriostatic activity but higher cytotoxicity than BGCu composites. These findings highlight the potential of ZrO2/BGCu composites as bioactive materials for bone regeneration and antimicrobial applications. While composites with hydroxyapatite demonstrate a balance between bioactivity and cytotoxicity, BGCu emerge as a promising modification to enhance antibacterial properties with controlled cytotoxicity. Further research is needed to optimise filler compositions to balance ion release, biological stability, and functionality.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21691401.2025.2540647Antibacterial fillersceramic compositescytotoxicityROS |
| spellingShingle | Magdalena Ziąbka Agnieszka Wojteczko Karolina Klesiewicz Elżbieta Menaszek Sebastian Komarek Paweł Kwaśniewski Wojciech Chrzanowski Antimicrobial properties and bioactivity of zirconia-based biocomposites Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology Antibacterial fillers ceramic composites cytotoxicity ROS |
| title | Antimicrobial properties and bioactivity of zirconia-based biocomposites |
| title_full | Antimicrobial properties and bioactivity of zirconia-based biocomposites |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial properties and bioactivity of zirconia-based biocomposites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial properties and bioactivity of zirconia-based biocomposites |
| title_short | Antimicrobial properties and bioactivity of zirconia-based biocomposites |
| title_sort | antimicrobial properties and bioactivity of zirconia based biocomposites |
| topic | Antibacterial fillers ceramic composites cytotoxicity ROS |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21691401.2025.2540647 |
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