Cumulative hazard ratio estimation for adverse events data from two-stage dynamic treatment regimes

Accurate analysis of adverse events in two-stage dynamic treatment regimes is complicated by the presence of competing risks, such as death, which can preclude the observation of an adverse event and introduce bias into standard survival estimates. To address these challenges, this study employs cum...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Sifiso Vilakati
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fams.2025.1595650/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850169754057179136
author Sifiso Vilakati
author_facet Sifiso Vilakati
author_sort Sifiso Vilakati
collection DOAJ
description Accurate analysis of adverse events in two-stage dynamic treatment regimes is complicated by the presence of competing risks, such as death, which can preclude the observation of an adverse event and introduce bias into standard survival estimates. To address these challenges, this study employs cumulative hazard functions to compare the safety profiles of different treatment policies, offering a more precise quantification of adverse event risk in the context of competing outcomes. The Nelson-Aalen estimator is utilized to decompose the overall hazard into cause-specific components, enabling a nuanced assessment of both mortality and adverse event risks. By appropriately censoring for competing events, the proposed approach ensures unbiased estimation of cumulative hazards, thereby facilitating robust and interpretable comparisons between treatment strategies. Our methodology is demonstrated through the estimation of the cumulative hazard ratio for adverse events in a real world data set for leukemia.
format Article
id doaj-art-cd19d15e3e02436fa53ea385893acf13
institution OA Journals
issn 2297-4687
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics
spelling doaj-art-cd19d15e3e02436fa53ea385893acf132025-08-20T02:20:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics2297-46872025-06-011110.3389/fams.2025.15956501595650Cumulative hazard ratio estimation for adverse events data from two-stage dynamic treatment regimesSifiso VilakatiAccurate analysis of adverse events in two-stage dynamic treatment regimes is complicated by the presence of competing risks, such as death, which can preclude the observation of an adverse event and introduce bias into standard survival estimates. To address these challenges, this study employs cumulative hazard functions to compare the safety profiles of different treatment policies, offering a more precise quantification of adverse event risk in the context of competing outcomes. The Nelson-Aalen estimator is utilized to decompose the overall hazard into cause-specific components, enabling a nuanced assessment of both mortality and adverse event risks. By appropriately censoring for competing events, the proposed approach ensures unbiased estimation of cumulative hazards, thereby facilitating robust and interpretable comparisons between treatment strategies. Our methodology is demonstrated through the estimation of the cumulative hazard ratio for adverse events in a real world data set for leukemia.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fams.2025.1595650/fulladverse eventscompeting riskscumulative hazard ratioKaplan-Meier estimatorNelson-Aalen estimator
spellingShingle Sifiso Vilakati
Cumulative hazard ratio estimation for adverse events data from two-stage dynamic treatment regimes
Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics
adverse events
competing risks
cumulative hazard ratio
Kaplan-Meier estimator
Nelson-Aalen estimator
title Cumulative hazard ratio estimation for adverse events data from two-stage dynamic treatment regimes
title_full Cumulative hazard ratio estimation for adverse events data from two-stage dynamic treatment regimes
title_fullStr Cumulative hazard ratio estimation for adverse events data from two-stage dynamic treatment regimes
title_full_unstemmed Cumulative hazard ratio estimation for adverse events data from two-stage dynamic treatment regimes
title_short Cumulative hazard ratio estimation for adverse events data from two-stage dynamic treatment regimes
title_sort cumulative hazard ratio estimation for adverse events data from two stage dynamic treatment regimes
topic adverse events
competing risks
cumulative hazard ratio
Kaplan-Meier estimator
Nelson-Aalen estimator
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fams.2025.1595650/full
work_keys_str_mv AT sifisovilakati cumulativehazardratioestimationforadverseeventsdatafromtwostagedynamictreatmentregimes