Non-Targeted Metabolomics Analysis Unravels Changes in Non-Volatile Metabolites in <i>Folium nelumbinis</i> (Lotus Leaf) Induced by <i>Aspergillus cristatus</i>-Mediated Fermentation

This study employed non-targeted metabolomics to investigate the impact of solid-state fermentation by <i>Aspergillus cristatus</i> on the major non-volatile metabolites in lotus leaves (<i>Folium nelumbinis</i>). Sensory evaluation and metabolomic analysis of the leaves befo...

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Main Authors: Wei Dai, Yumei Tan, Shengling He, Luona Zhou, Xiyi Ren, Yonghui Huang, Li Song, Yongxiang Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Fermentation
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/11/5/279
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author Wei Dai
Yumei Tan
Shengling He
Luona Zhou
Xiyi Ren
Yonghui Huang
Li Song
Yongxiang Liu
author_facet Wei Dai
Yumei Tan
Shengling He
Luona Zhou
Xiyi Ren
Yonghui Huang
Li Song
Yongxiang Liu
author_sort Wei Dai
collection DOAJ
description This study employed non-targeted metabolomics to investigate the impact of solid-state fermentation by <i>Aspergillus cristatus</i> on the major non-volatile metabolites in lotus leaves (<i>Folium nelumbinis</i>). Sensory evaluation and metabolomic analysis of the leaves before and after fermentation revealed that the fermentation process significantly enhanced the sensory quality of lotus leaf tea, resulting in a brighter infusion color, a mellow flavor profile, and a notable reduction in astringency. The fermentation also induced the production of several potentially bioactive metabolites, including chlorogenic acid and sphondin, and stimulated the expression of genes related to the phenylpropanoid pathway, thereby promoting the synthesis of chlorogenic acid. Additionally, the fermentation led to a marked decrease in the content of flavonoids, while the content of alkaloids remained relatively unchanged. This study provides a theoretical basis for the in-depth development and utilization of lotus leaves and offers a novel approach to applying microbial fermentation technology to medicinal and edible materials.
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institution OA Journals
issn 2311-5637
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publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Fermentation
spelling doaj-art-cd1930661d334efab3cbcf642026d8022025-08-20T01:56:24ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372025-05-0111527910.3390/fermentation11050279Non-Targeted Metabolomics Analysis Unravels Changes in Non-Volatile Metabolites in <i>Folium nelumbinis</i> (Lotus Leaf) Induced by <i>Aspergillus cristatus</i>-Mediated FermentationWei Dai0Yumei Tan1Shengling He2Luona Zhou3Xiyi Ren4Yonghui Huang5Li Song6Yongxiang Liu7Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaGuizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550009, ChinaGuizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550009, ChinaGuizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550009, ChinaGuizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550009, ChinaGuizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaThis study employed non-targeted metabolomics to investigate the impact of solid-state fermentation by <i>Aspergillus cristatus</i> on the major non-volatile metabolites in lotus leaves (<i>Folium nelumbinis</i>). Sensory evaluation and metabolomic analysis of the leaves before and after fermentation revealed that the fermentation process significantly enhanced the sensory quality of lotus leaf tea, resulting in a brighter infusion color, a mellow flavor profile, and a notable reduction in astringency. The fermentation also induced the production of several potentially bioactive metabolites, including chlorogenic acid and sphondin, and stimulated the expression of genes related to the phenylpropanoid pathway, thereby promoting the synthesis of chlorogenic acid. Additionally, the fermentation led to a marked decrease in the content of flavonoids, while the content of alkaloids remained relatively unchanged. This study provides a theoretical basis for the in-depth development and utilization of lotus leaves and offers a novel approach to applying microbial fermentation technology to medicinal and edible materials.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/11/5/279solid-state-fermentationmedicine food homologymicroorganism
spellingShingle Wei Dai
Yumei Tan
Shengling He
Luona Zhou
Xiyi Ren
Yonghui Huang
Li Song
Yongxiang Liu
Non-Targeted Metabolomics Analysis Unravels Changes in Non-Volatile Metabolites in <i>Folium nelumbinis</i> (Lotus Leaf) Induced by <i>Aspergillus cristatus</i>-Mediated Fermentation
Fermentation
solid-state-fermentation
medicine food homology
microorganism
title Non-Targeted Metabolomics Analysis Unravels Changes in Non-Volatile Metabolites in <i>Folium nelumbinis</i> (Lotus Leaf) Induced by <i>Aspergillus cristatus</i>-Mediated Fermentation
title_full Non-Targeted Metabolomics Analysis Unravels Changes in Non-Volatile Metabolites in <i>Folium nelumbinis</i> (Lotus Leaf) Induced by <i>Aspergillus cristatus</i>-Mediated Fermentation
title_fullStr Non-Targeted Metabolomics Analysis Unravels Changes in Non-Volatile Metabolites in <i>Folium nelumbinis</i> (Lotus Leaf) Induced by <i>Aspergillus cristatus</i>-Mediated Fermentation
title_full_unstemmed Non-Targeted Metabolomics Analysis Unravels Changes in Non-Volatile Metabolites in <i>Folium nelumbinis</i> (Lotus Leaf) Induced by <i>Aspergillus cristatus</i>-Mediated Fermentation
title_short Non-Targeted Metabolomics Analysis Unravels Changes in Non-Volatile Metabolites in <i>Folium nelumbinis</i> (Lotus Leaf) Induced by <i>Aspergillus cristatus</i>-Mediated Fermentation
title_sort non targeted metabolomics analysis unravels changes in non volatile metabolites in i folium nelumbinis i lotus leaf induced by i aspergillus cristatus i mediated fermentation
topic solid-state-fermentation
medicine food homology
microorganism
url https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/11/5/279
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