SARS-CoV-2 detection and inactivation in water and wastewater: review on analytical methods, limitations and future research recommendations
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been detected in wastewater. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a practical and cost-effective tool for the assessment and controlling of pandemics and probably for examining SARS-CoV-2 presence. Implementation of WBE during the ou...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2023.2222850 |
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| _version_ | 1849428057912246272 |
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| author | Parashuram Kallem Hanaa M Hegab Habiba Alsafar Shadi W. Hasan Fawzi Banat |
| author_facet | Parashuram Kallem Hanaa M Hegab Habiba Alsafar Shadi W. Hasan Fawzi Banat |
| author_sort | Parashuram Kallem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been detected in wastewater. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a practical and cost-effective tool for the assessment and controlling of pandemics and probably for examining SARS-CoV-2 presence. Implementation of WBE during the outbreaks is not without limitations. Temperature, suspended solids, pH, and disinfectants affect the stability of viruses in wastewater. Due to these limitations, instruments and techniques have been utilized to detect SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in sewage using various concentration methods and computer-aided analyzes. RT-qPCR, ddRT-PCR, multiplex PCR, RT-LAMP, and electrochemical immunosensors have been employed to detect low levels of viral contamination. Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 is a crucial preventive measure against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To better assess the role of wastewater as a transmission route, detection, and quantification methods need to be refined. In this paper, the latest improvements in quantification, detection, and inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater are explained. Finally, limitations and future research recommendations are thoroughly described. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cd12e768f3dd426cb2059d861e3fd708 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2222-1751 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
| spelling | doaj-art-cd12e768f3dd426cb2059d861e3fd7082025-08-20T03:28:48ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEmerging Microbes and Infections2222-17512023-12-0112210.1080/22221751.2023.2222850SARS-CoV-2 detection and inactivation in water and wastewater: review on analytical methods, limitations and future research recommendationsParashuram Kallem0Hanaa M Hegab1Habiba Alsafar2Shadi W. Hasan3Fawzi Banat4Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesCenter for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesCenter for Biotechnology (BTC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesCenter for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesCenter for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been detected in wastewater. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a practical and cost-effective tool for the assessment and controlling of pandemics and probably for examining SARS-CoV-2 presence. Implementation of WBE during the outbreaks is not without limitations. Temperature, suspended solids, pH, and disinfectants affect the stability of viruses in wastewater. Due to these limitations, instruments and techniques have been utilized to detect SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in sewage using various concentration methods and computer-aided analyzes. RT-qPCR, ddRT-PCR, multiplex PCR, RT-LAMP, and electrochemical immunosensors have been employed to detect low levels of viral contamination. Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 is a crucial preventive measure against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To better assess the role of wastewater as a transmission route, detection, and quantification methods need to be refined. In this paper, the latest improvements in quantification, detection, and inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater are explained. Finally, limitations and future research recommendations are thoroughly described.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2023.2222850WastewaterSARS-CoV-2detectioninactivationepidemiology |
| spellingShingle | Parashuram Kallem Hanaa M Hegab Habiba Alsafar Shadi W. Hasan Fawzi Banat SARS-CoV-2 detection and inactivation in water and wastewater: review on analytical methods, limitations and future research recommendations Emerging Microbes and Infections Wastewater SARS-CoV-2 detection inactivation epidemiology |
| title | SARS-CoV-2 detection and inactivation in water and wastewater: review on analytical methods, limitations and future research recommendations |
| title_full | SARS-CoV-2 detection and inactivation in water and wastewater: review on analytical methods, limitations and future research recommendations |
| title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 detection and inactivation in water and wastewater: review on analytical methods, limitations and future research recommendations |
| title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 detection and inactivation in water and wastewater: review on analytical methods, limitations and future research recommendations |
| title_short | SARS-CoV-2 detection and inactivation in water and wastewater: review on analytical methods, limitations and future research recommendations |
| title_sort | sars cov 2 detection and inactivation in water and wastewater review on analytical methods limitations and future research recommendations |
| topic | Wastewater SARS-CoV-2 detection inactivation epidemiology |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2023.2222850 |
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