Influences and Optimizations of Vertical Facades on the Aerodynamic Loadings for High-Rise Buildings
The architectural facade, including balconies, vertical frames, and sunshades, is widely installed on the surfaces of high-rise buildings, and will affect the wind load and airflow around the buildings. However, current studies mainly focus on local wind pressure, with limited research on aerodynami...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Buildings |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/7/1093 |
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| author | Xu Cheng Guoqing Huang Bowen Yan Qingshan Yang Chao Wang Bo Li Shuguo Liang |
| author_facet | Xu Cheng Guoqing Huang Bowen Yan Qingshan Yang Chao Wang Bo Li Shuguo Liang |
| author_sort | Xu Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The architectural facade, including balconies, vertical frames, and sunshades, is widely installed on the surfaces of high-rise buildings, and will affect the wind load and airflow around the buildings. However, current studies mainly focus on local wind pressure, with limited research on aerodynamic forces and a lack of optimization design methods for vertical facades. This paper investigates the aerodynamic effects of different vertical facade layouts on high-rise buildings through wind tunnel experiments. Subsequently, CFD simulations were performed on 120 generated models. By combining neural networks and genetic algorithms, this paper optimized the aerodynamics of the vertical facades on a high-rise building, analyzed the flow field around the building, and provided reference for the aerodynamic optimization design of vertical facades on high-rise building facades. The results show that vertical facades could reduce the base shear forces and overturning moments of tall buildings, and the mean drag coefficient can be reduced by up to 31%, and the RMS value of lateral force coefficient by 57%, through the aerodynamic optimization. Through the analysis of flow fields around tall buildings, the “chamfer” formed by the vertical facades and the building corner is attributed as the main reason for reducing the aerodynamic forces of tall buildings. Furthermore, the negative resistance on vertical facades caused by the adverse pressure gradient is another major factor for reducing the mean value of aerodynamic force. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ccf9399e401c40ff9a209d48cf0bfdc5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2075-5309 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Buildings |
| spelling | doaj-art-ccf9399e401c40ff9a209d48cf0bfdc52025-08-20T03:08:44ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092025-03-01157109310.3390/buildings15071093Influences and Optimizations of Vertical Facades on the Aerodynamic Loadings for High-Rise BuildingsXu Cheng0Guoqing Huang1Bowen Yan2Qingshan Yang3Chao Wang4Bo Li5Shuguo Liang6College of Railway and Electrical Engineering, Sichuan Railway College, Chengdu 610097, ChinaChongqing Key Laboratory of Wind Engineering and Wind Energy Utilization, School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaChongqing Key Laboratory of Wind Engineering and Wind Energy Utilization, School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaChongqing Key Laboratory of Wind Engineering and Wind Energy Utilization, School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaCollege of Railway and Electrical Engineering, Sichuan Railway College, Chengdu 610097, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100091, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaThe architectural facade, including balconies, vertical frames, and sunshades, is widely installed on the surfaces of high-rise buildings, and will affect the wind load and airflow around the buildings. However, current studies mainly focus on local wind pressure, with limited research on aerodynamic forces and a lack of optimization design methods for vertical facades. This paper investigates the aerodynamic effects of different vertical facade layouts on high-rise buildings through wind tunnel experiments. Subsequently, CFD simulations were performed on 120 generated models. By combining neural networks and genetic algorithms, this paper optimized the aerodynamics of the vertical facades on a high-rise building, analyzed the flow field around the building, and provided reference for the aerodynamic optimization design of vertical facades on high-rise building facades. The results show that vertical facades could reduce the base shear forces and overturning moments of tall buildings, and the mean drag coefficient can be reduced by up to 31%, and the RMS value of lateral force coefficient by 57%, through the aerodynamic optimization. Through the analysis of flow fields around tall buildings, the “chamfer” formed by the vertical facades and the building corner is attributed as the main reason for reducing the aerodynamic forces of tall buildings. Furthermore, the negative resistance on vertical facades caused by the adverse pressure gradient is another major factor for reducing the mean value of aerodynamic force.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/7/1093vertical facadetall buildingaerodynamic forceaerodynamic optimizationflow field analysis |
| spellingShingle | Xu Cheng Guoqing Huang Bowen Yan Qingshan Yang Chao Wang Bo Li Shuguo Liang Influences and Optimizations of Vertical Facades on the Aerodynamic Loadings for High-Rise Buildings Buildings vertical facade tall building aerodynamic force aerodynamic optimization flow field analysis |
| title | Influences and Optimizations of Vertical Facades on the Aerodynamic Loadings for High-Rise Buildings |
| title_full | Influences and Optimizations of Vertical Facades on the Aerodynamic Loadings for High-Rise Buildings |
| title_fullStr | Influences and Optimizations of Vertical Facades on the Aerodynamic Loadings for High-Rise Buildings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influences and Optimizations of Vertical Facades on the Aerodynamic Loadings for High-Rise Buildings |
| title_short | Influences and Optimizations of Vertical Facades on the Aerodynamic Loadings for High-Rise Buildings |
| title_sort | influences and optimizations of vertical facades on the aerodynamic loadings for high rise buildings |
| topic | vertical facade tall building aerodynamic force aerodynamic optimization flow field analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/7/1093 |
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