Memory function in patients with opioid dependence treated with buprenorphine and methadone in comparison with healthy persons

Abstract Methadone and buprenorphine are commonly used for drug abuse treatment but may impair cognitive function. This study assessed memory performance in patients receiving these treatments compared to healthy controls. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 93 buprenorphine- and 120 methadone-...

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Main Authors: Sara Kamali Ardakani, Sara Mahmoudi, Khaled Rahmani, Narges Shamsalizadeh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02832-z
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author Sara Kamali Ardakani
Sara Mahmoudi
Khaled Rahmani
Narges Shamsalizadeh
author_facet Sara Kamali Ardakani
Sara Mahmoudi
Khaled Rahmani
Narges Shamsalizadeh
author_sort Sara Kamali Ardakani
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Methadone and buprenorphine are commonly used for drug abuse treatment but may impair cognitive function. This study assessed memory performance in patients receiving these treatments compared to healthy controls. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 93 buprenorphine- and 120 methadone-treated patients, compared with 120 healthy controls. The Wechsler Memory Scale was used, and scores were compared among the study groups using Kruskal–Wallis with Tukey’s post-hoc test. Maintenance therapy duration was compared between case groups using an independent t-test or Mann–Whitney U test. Healthy controls were superior to both treatment groups in mental control. The methadone group surpassed controls in personal and general information (P < 0.05), while buprenorphine-treated patients scored lower in associate learning. Patients receiving methadone for > 2 years had a higher mean score of awareness of place and time than those on long-term buprenorphine (P = 0.034). Longer buprenorphine treatment correlated with improved total memory scores (P = 0.03). The mental test showed no significant adverse effect for either medication on most mental aspects, except for mental control, which was worse than the control group in both medications. In some aspects, treated patients even outperformed controls. Buprenorphine preserves memory function better than methadone over time.
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spelling doaj-art-cceb776126ae4a1492cfdb839ffdfee42025-08-20T02:29:26ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-011511610.1038/s41598-025-02832-zMemory function in patients with opioid dependence treated with buprenorphine and methadone in comparison with healthy personsSara Kamali Ardakani0Sara Mahmoudi1Khaled Rahmani2Narges Shamsalizadeh3Neurosciences Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Student Research, Kurdistan University of Medical SciencesLiver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Psychiatry, Neurosciences Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical SciencesAbstract Methadone and buprenorphine are commonly used for drug abuse treatment but may impair cognitive function. This study assessed memory performance in patients receiving these treatments compared to healthy controls. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 93 buprenorphine- and 120 methadone-treated patients, compared with 120 healthy controls. The Wechsler Memory Scale was used, and scores were compared among the study groups using Kruskal–Wallis with Tukey’s post-hoc test. Maintenance therapy duration was compared between case groups using an independent t-test or Mann–Whitney U test. Healthy controls were superior to both treatment groups in mental control. The methadone group surpassed controls in personal and general information (P < 0.05), while buprenorphine-treated patients scored lower in associate learning. Patients receiving methadone for > 2 years had a higher mean score of awareness of place and time than those on long-term buprenorphine (P = 0.034). Longer buprenorphine treatment correlated with improved total memory scores (P = 0.03). The mental test showed no significant adverse effect for either medication on most mental aspects, except for mental control, which was worse than the control group in both medications. In some aspects, treated patients even outperformed controls. Buprenorphine preserves memory function better than methadone over time.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02832-zAddictionMethadoneBuprenorphineMaintenance therapyMemory function
spellingShingle Sara Kamali Ardakani
Sara Mahmoudi
Khaled Rahmani
Narges Shamsalizadeh
Memory function in patients with opioid dependence treated with buprenorphine and methadone in comparison with healthy persons
Scientific Reports
Addiction
Methadone
Buprenorphine
Maintenance therapy
Memory function
title Memory function in patients with opioid dependence treated with buprenorphine and methadone in comparison with healthy persons
title_full Memory function in patients with opioid dependence treated with buprenorphine and methadone in comparison with healthy persons
title_fullStr Memory function in patients with opioid dependence treated with buprenorphine and methadone in comparison with healthy persons
title_full_unstemmed Memory function in patients with opioid dependence treated with buprenorphine and methadone in comparison with healthy persons
title_short Memory function in patients with opioid dependence treated with buprenorphine and methadone in comparison with healthy persons
title_sort memory function in patients with opioid dependence treated with buprenorphine and methadone in comparison with healthy persons
topic Addiction
Methadone
Buprenorphine
Maintenance therapy
Memory function
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02832-z
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AT saramahmoudi memoryfunctioninpatientswithopioiddependencetreatedwithbuprenorphineandmethadoneincomparisonwithhealthypersons
AT khaledrahmani memoryfunctioninpatientswithopioiddependencetreatedwithbuprenorphineandmethadoneincomparisonwithhealthypersons
AT nargesshamsalizadeh memoryfunctioninpatientswithopioiddependencetreatedwithbuprenorphineandmethadoneincomparisonwithhealthypersons