Size-resolved Compositional Analysis and Source Apportionment of Submicron Aerosol during Lockdown Period Using HR-ToF-AMS
Abstract The size-resolved compositional analysis of non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) was conducted using the Aerodyne High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) instrument over Pune, India during the COVID-19 lockdown period. The aerosol composition data shows th...
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| Format: | Article |
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Springer
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220108 |
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| author | Prodip Acharja Akash Vispute Prasanna Lonkar Suresh W. Gosavi Sreyashi Debnath Narendra G. Dhangar Kaushar Ali Gaurav Govardhan Sachin D. Ghude |
| author_facet | Prodip Acharja Akash Vispute Prasanna Lonkar Suresh W. Gosavi Sreyashi Debnath Narendra G. Dhangar Kaushar Ali Gaurav Govardhan Sachin D. Ghude |
| author_sort | Prodip Acharja |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The size-resolved compositional analysis of non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) was conducted using the Aerodyne High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) instrument over Pune, India during the COVID-19 lockdown period. The aerosol composition data shows the predominant presence of organics (Org) in the mass fraction followed by sulfate, ammonium, nitrate, and chloride during the pre-lockdown and lockdown periods. The size-resolved analysis showed the unimodal size distribution of organic and inorganic constituents with peaks at 550 nm, implying the dominant presence of mixed and aged aerosol species. The stoichiometric neutralization analysis showed the almost neutralized nature of submicron aerosol with an average aerosol neutralization ratio (ANR) of 0.8. The back trajectories, cluster analysis, and potential source contribution function (PSCF) showed the industrial belt located in the western part of the study location to be the potential source regions of NR-PM1. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analyses have been applied to investigate the source apportionments of organic aerosols (OA). Four distinct OA factors, i.e., hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), biomass burning OA (BBOA), low-volatile oxygenated OA (LVOOA), and semi-volatile oxygenated OA (SVOOA) were identified during the study period. Among these factors, HOA contributes nearly a quarter to the OA mass, and OOA accounted for nearly 60% of the total OA mass. The high-resolution positive matrix factorization (HR-PMF) analysis and the elemental ratios of H/C, O/C, and OM/OC showed distinct characteristics during different periods. The density of organic aerosol has been estimated using the elemental ratios and found to be 1.14, 1.28, and 1.35 respectively during the different lockdown periods, similar to 1.30 g cm−3 as mentioned in the literature. This study provides new insights into the chemical composition and source apportionment of the organic fraction of submicron aerosols for the first time over Pune using HR-ToF-AMS and HR-PMF. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cce77725a2b0411aaeda110c1e680696 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
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| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-cce77725a2b0411aaeda110c1e6806962025-02-09T12:18:23ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092022-09-01221212010.4209/aaqr.220108Size-resolved Compositional Analysis and Source Apportionment of Submicron Aerosol during Lockdown Period Using HR-ToF-AMSProdip Acharja0Akash Vispute1Prasanna Lonkar2Suresh W. Gosavi3Sreyashi Debnath4Narendra G. Dhangar5Kaushar Ali6Gaurav Govardhan7Sachin D. Ghude8Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth SciencesIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth SciencesIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth SciencesSavitribai Phule Pune UniversityIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth SciencesIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth SciencesIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth SciencesIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth SciencesIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth SciencesAbstract The size-resolved compositional analysis of non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) was conducted using the Aerodyne High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) instrument over Pune, India during the COVID-19 lockdown period. The aerosol composition data shows the predominant presence of organics (Org) in the mass fraction followed by sulfate, ammonium, nitrate, and chloride during the pre-lockdown and lockdown periods. The size-resolved analysis showed the unimodal size distribution of organic and inorganic constituents with peaks at 550 nm, implying the dominant presence of mixed and aged aerosol species. The stoichiometric neutralization analysis showed the almost neutralized nature of submicron aerosol with an average aerosol neutralization ratio (ANR) of 0.8. The back trajectories, cluster analysis, and potential source contribution function (PSCF) showed the industrial belt located in the western part of the study location to be the potential source regions of NR-PM1. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analyses have been applied to investigate the source apportionments of organic aerosols (OA). Four distinct OA factors, i.e., hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), biomass burning OA (BBOA), low-volatile oxygenated OA (LVOOA), and semi-volatile oxygenated OA (SVOOA) were identified during the study period. Among these factors, HOA contributes nearly a quarter to the OA mass, and OOA accounted for nearly 60% of the total OA mass. The high-resolution positive matrix factorization (HR-PMF) analysis and the elemental ratios of H/C, O/C, and OM/OC showed distinct characteristics during different periods. The density of organic aerosol has been estimated using the elemental ratios and found to be 1.14, 1.28, and 1.35 respectively during the different lockdown periods, similar to 1.30 g cm−3 as mentioned in the literature. This study provides new insights into the chemical composition and source apportionment of the organic fraction of submicron aerosols for the first time over Pune using HR-ToF-AMS and HR-PMF.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220108HR-ToF-AMSSubmicron Aerosols (NR-PM1)High-Resolution Positive Matrix Factorization (HR-PMF)Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF)COVID-19 lockdown |
| spellingShingle | Prodip Acharja Akash Vispute Prasanna Lonkar Suresh W. Gosavi Sreyashi Debnath Narendra G. Dhangar Kaushar Ali Gaurav Govardhan Sachin D. Ghude Size-resolved Compositional Analysis and Source Apportionment of Submicron Aerosol during Lockdown Period Using HR-ToF-AMS Aerosol and Air Quality Research HR-ToF-AMS Submicron Aerosols (NR-PM1) High-Resolution Positive Matrix Factorization (HR-PMF) Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) COVID-19 lockdown |
| title | Size-resolved Compositional Analysis and Source Apportionment of Submicron Aerosol during Lockdown Period Using HR-ToF-AMS |
| title_full | Size-resolved Compositional Analysis and Source Apportionment of Submicron Aerosol during Lockdown Period Using HR-ToF-AMS |
| title_fullStr | Size-resolved Compositional Analysis and Source Apportionment of Submicron Aerosol during Lockdown Period Using HR-ToF-AMS |
| title_full_unstemmed | Size-resolved Compositional Analysis and Source Apportionment of Submicron Aerosol during Lockdown Period Using HR-ToF-AMS |
| title_short | Size-resolved Compositional Analysis and Source Apportionment of Submicron Aerosol during Lockdown Period Using HR-ToF-AMS |
| title_sort | size resolved compositional analysis and source apportionment of submicron aerosol during lockdown period using hr tof ams |
| topic | HR-ToF-AMS Submicron Aerosols (NR-PM1) High-Resolution Positive Matrix Factorization (HR-PMF) Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) COVID-19 lockdown |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220108 |
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