Connections Across Open Water: A Bi‐Organelle, Genomics‐Scale Assessment of Atlantic‐Wide Population Dynamics in a Pelagic, Endangered Apex Predator Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus)
ABSTRACT Large‐bodied pelagic sharks are key regulators of oceanic ecosystem stability, but highly impacted by severe overfishing. One such species, the shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus), a globally widespread, highly migratory predator, has undergone dramatic population reductions and is now...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Evolutionary Applications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70071 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1825206981299798016 |
|---|---|
| author | Andrea M. Bernard Marissa R. Mehlrose Kimberly A. Finnegan Bradley M. Wetherbee Mahmood S. Shivji |
| author_facet | Andrea M. Bernard Marissa R. Mehlrose Kimberly A. Finnegan Bradley M. Wetherbee Mahmood S. Shivji |
| author_sort | Andrea M. Bernard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Large‐bodied pelagic sharks are key regulators of oceanic ecosystem stability, but highly impacted by severe overfishing. One such species, the shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus), a globally widespread, highly migratory predator, has undergone dramatic population reductions and is now Endangered (IUCN Red List), with Atlantic Ocean mako sharks in particular assessed by fishery managers as overfished and in need of urgent, improved management attention. Genomic‐scale population assessments for this apex predator species have not been previously available to inform management planning; thus, we investigated the population genetics of mako sharks across the Atlantic using a bi‐organelle genomics approach. Complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequences and genome‐wide SNPs from sharks distributed across the Atlantic revealed contrasting patterns of population structure across marker types. Consistent with this species' long‐distance migratory capabilities, SNPs showed high connectivity and Atlantic panmixia overall. In contrast, there was matrilineal population genetic structure across Northern and Southern Hemispheres, suggesting at least large regional‐scale female philopatry. Linkage disequilibrium network analysis indicated that makos possess a chromosomal inversion that occurs Atlantic wide, a genome feature that may be informative for evolutionary investigations concerning adaptations and the global history of this iconic species. Mitogenome diversity in Atlantic makos was high compared to other elasmobranchs assessed at the mitogenome level, and nuclear diversity was high compared to the two other, highly migratory pelagic shark species assessed with SNPs. These results support management efforts for shortfin makos on at least Northern versus Southern Hemisphere scales to preserve their matrilineal genetic distinctiveness. The overall comparative genetic diversity findings provide a baseline for future comparative assessments and monitoring of genetic diversity, as called for by the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, and cautious optimism regarding the health and recovery potential of Atlantic shortfin makos if further population declines can be halted. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ccb9d9d206034ced82609fb7afc2802e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1752-4571 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Evolutionary Applications |
| spelling | doaj-art-ccb9d9d206034ced82609fb7afc2802e2025-02-07T03:58:50ZengWileyEvolutionary Applications1752-45712025-01-01181n/an/a10.1111/eva.70071Connections Across Open Water: A Bi‐Organelle, Genomics‐Scale Assessment of Atlantic‐Wide Population Dynamics in a Pelagic, Endangered Apex Predator Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus)Andrea M. Bernard0Marissa R. Mehlrose1Kimberly A. Finnegan2Bradley M. Wetherbee3Mahmood S. Shivji4Save Our Seas Foundation Shark Research Center, Halmos College of Arts & Sciences Nova Southeastern University Dania Florida USASave Our Seas Foundation Shark Research Center, Halmos College of Arts & Sciences Nova Southeastern University Dania Florida USASave Our Seas Foundation Shark Research Center, Halmos College of Arts & Sciences Nova Southeastern University Dania Florida USAGuy Harvey Research Institute, Halmos College of Arts & Sciences, Nova Southeastern University Dania Florida USASave Our Seas Foundation Shark Research Center, Halmos College of Arts & Sciences Nova Southeastern University Dania Florida USAABSTRACT Large‐bodied pelagic sharks are key regulators of oceanic ecosystem stability, but highly impacted by severe overfishing. One such species, the shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus), a globally widespread, highly migratory predator, has undergone dramatic population reductions and is now Endangered (IUCN Red List), with Atlantic Ocean mako sharks in particular assessed by fishery managers as overfished and in need of urgent, improved management attention. Genomic‐scale population assessments for this apex predator species have not been previously available to inform management planning; thus, we investigated the population genetics of mako sharks across the Atlantic using a bi‐organelle genomics approach. Complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequences and genome‐wide SNPs from sharks distributed across the Atlantic revealed contrasting patterns of population structure across marker types. Consistent with this species' long‐distance migratory capabilities, SNPs showed high connectivity and Atlantic panmixia overall. In contrast, there was matrilineal population genetic structure across Northern and Southern Hemispheres, suggesting at least large regional‐scale female philopatry. Linkage disequilibrium network analysis indicated that makos possess a chromosomal inversion that occurs Atlantic wide, a genome feature that may be informative for evolutionary investigations concerning adaptations and the global history of this iconic species. Mitogenome diversity in Atlantic makos was high compared to other elasmobranchs assessed at the mitogenome level, and nuclear diversity was high compared to the two other, highly migratory pelagic shark species assessed with SNPs. These results support management efforts for shortfin makos on at least Northern versus Southern Hemisphere scales to preserve their matrilineal genetic distinctiveness. The overall comparative genetic diversity findings provide a baseline for future comparative assessments and monitoring of genetic diversity, as called for by the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, and cautious optimism regarding the health and recovery potential of Atlantic shortfin makos if further population declines can be halted.https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70071chromosomal structural variantmanagementmitochondrial DNApopulation genetic structureshortfin mako sharksingle nucleotide polymorphism |
| spellingShingle | Andrea M. Bernard Marissa R. Mehlrose Kimberly A. Finnegan Bradley M. Wetherbee Mahmood S. Shivji Connections Across Open Water: A Bi‐Organelle, Genomics‐Scale Assessment of Atlantic‐Wide Population Dynamics in a Pelagic, Endangered Apex Predator Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) Evolutionary Applications chromosomal structural variant management mitochondrial DNA population genetic structure shortfin mako shark single nucleotide polymorphism |
| title | Connections Across Open Water: A Bi‐Organelle, Genomics‐Scale Assessment of Atlantic‐Wide Population Dynamics in a Pelagic, Endangered Apex Predator Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) |
| title_full | Connections Across Open Water: A Bi‐Organelle, Genomics‐Scale Assessment of Atlantic‐Wide Population Dynamics in a Pelagic, Endangered Apex Predator Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) |
| title_fullStr | Connections Across Open Water: A Bi‐Organelle, Genomics‐Scale Assessment of Atlantic‐Wide Population Dynamics in a Pelagic, Endangered Apex Predator Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Connections Across Open Water: A Bi‐Organelle, Genomics‐Scale Assessment of Atlantic‐Wide Population Dynamics in a Pelagic, Endangered Apex Predator Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) |
| title_short | Connections Across Open Water: A Bi‐Organelle, Genomics‐Scale Assessment of Atlantic‐Wide Population Dynamics in a Pelagic, Endangered Apex Predator Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) |
| title_sort | connections across open water a bi organelle genomics scale assessment of atlantic wide population dynamics in a pelagic endangered apex predator shark isurus oxyrinchus |
| topic | chromosomal structural variant management mitochondrial DNA population genetic structure shortfin mako shark single nucleotide polymorphism |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70071 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT andreambernard connectionsacrossopenwaterabiorganellegenomicsscaleassessmentofatlanticwidepopulationdynamicsinapelagicendangeredapexpredatorsharkisurusoxyrinchus AT marissarmehlrose connectionsacrossopenwaterabiorganellegenomicsscaleassessmentofatlanticwidepopulationdynamicsinapelagicendangeredapexpredatorsharkisurusoxyrinchus AT kimberlyafinnegan connectionsacrossopenwaterabiorganellegenomicsscaleassessmentofatlanticwidepopulationdynamicsinapelagicendangeredapexpredatorsharkisurusoxyrinchus AT bradleymwetherbee connectionsacrossopenwaterabiorganellegenomicsscaleassessmentofatlanticwidepopulationdynamicsinapelagicendangeredapexpredatorsharkisurusoxyrinchus AT mahmoodsshivji connectionsacrossopenwaterabiorganellegenomicsscaleassessmentofatlanticwidepopulationdynamicsinapelagicendangeredapexpredatorsharkisurusoxyrinchus |