Machine learning algorithms to predict heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among patients with premature myocardial infarction

BackgroundHeart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) in patients with Premature Myocardial Infarction (PMI) is a crucial factor affecting long-term prognosis. This study aims to develop a model based on a machine learning algorithm that can predict the risk of in-hospital HFpEF in patien...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jing-xian Wang, Chang-ping Li, Zhuang Cui, Yan Liang, Yu-hang Wang, Yu Zhou, Yin Liu, Jing Gao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1571185/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849313833761374208
author Jing-xian Wang
Chang-ping Li
Zhuang Cui
Yan Liang
Yu-hang Wang
Yu Zhou
Yin Liu
Jing Gao
Jing Gao
Jing Gao
Jing Gao
author_facet Jing-xian Wang
Chang-ping Li
Zhuang Cui
Yan Liang
Yu-hang Wang
Yu Zhou
Yin Liu
Jing Gao
Jing Gao
Jing Gao
Jing Gao
author_sort Jing-xian Wang
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundHeart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) in patients with Premature Myocardial Infarction (PMI) is a crucial factor affecting long-term prognosis. This study aims to develop a model based on a machine learning algorithm that can predict the risk of in-hospital HFpEF in patients with PMI early and quickly.MethodsThis prospective study consecutively included PMI patients from January 2017 to December 2022. Lasso-Logistic, XGBoost, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbor, and Support Vector Machine models were constructed. The prediction performance of the models was compared through AUC, Accuracy, Precision, F1 score, and Brier score. Shapley Additive exPlanations is used to explain the model. A prediction system was developed to identify high-risk patients.ResultsThe study finally included 840 PMI patients. 268 (31.90%) developed in-hospital HFpEF. The XGBoost model has the best prediction performance (AUC 0.854; Accuracy 0.798; Precision 0.686; F1 score 0.586; Brier score 0.143). The final model included ten variables, which were Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) > 100pg/ml, SYNTAX Score > 14.5, Age, Monocyte to Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) > 0.3, Hematocrit (HCT) < 45%, Heart rate (HR) > 75 bpm, Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m2, C-reactive Protein to Lymphocyte Ratio (CLR) > 2.83, Hypertension and Fibrinogen (Fg) > 4 g/L.ConclusionsThe explainable prediction model established based on the XGBoost algorithm can accurately predict the risk of in-hospital HFpEF in PMI patients and is available at https://hfpefpmi.shinyapps.io/apppredict/. This system is expected to assist clinicians in decision-making by providing timely, prioritized, and precise interventions for PMI patients, ultimately reducing the incidence of HFpEF and improving long-term prognosis.
format Article
id doaj-art-ccb4e2269a7143cab8aa26e6a7f52162
institution Kabale University
issn 2297-055X
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
spelling doaj-art-ccb4e2269a7143cab8aa26e6a7f521622025-08-20T03:52:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2025-05-011210.3389/fcvm.2025.15711851571185Machine learning algorithms to predict heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among patients with premature myocardial infarctionJing-xian Wang0Chang-ping Li1Zhuang Cui2Yan Liang3Yu-hang Wang4Yu Zhou5Yin Liu6Jing Gao7Jing Gao8Jing Gao9Jing Gao10Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaClinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaChest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaClinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaChest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, ChinaCardiovascular Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Emergency and Critical Care, Tianjin, ChinaBackgroundHeart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) in patients with Premature Myocardial Infarction (PMI) is a crucial factor affecting long-term prognosis. This study aims to develop a model based on a machine learning algorithm that can predict the risk of in-hospital HFpEF in patients with PMI early and quickly.MethodsThis prospective study consecutively included PMI patients from January 2017 to December 2022. Lasso-Logistic, XGBoost, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbor, and Support Vector Machine models were constructed. The prediction performance of the models was compared through AUC, Accuracy, Precision, F1 score, and Brier score. Shapley Additive exPlanations is used to explain the model. A prediction system was developed to identify high-risk patients.ResultsThe study finally included 840 PMI patients. 268 (31.90%) developed in-hospital HFpEF. The XGBoost model has the best prediction performance (AUC 0.854; Accuracy 0.798; Precision 0.686; F1 score 0.586; Brier score 0.143). The final model included ten variables, which were Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) > 100pg/ml, SYNTAX Score > 14.5, Age, Monocyte to Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) > 0.3, Hematocrit (HCT) < 45%, Heart rate (HR) > 75 bpm, Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m2, C-reactive Protein to Lymphocyte Ratio (CLR) > 2.83, Hypertension and Fibrinogen (Fg) > 4 g/L.ConclusionsThe explainable prediction model established based on the XGBoost algorithm can accurately predict the risk of in-hospital HFpEF in PMI patients and is available at https://hfpefpmi.shinyapps.io/apppredict/. This system is expected to assist clinicians in decision-making by providing timely, prioritized, and precise interventions for PMI patients, ultimately reducing the incidence of HFpEF and improving long-term prognosis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1571185/fullpremature myocardial infarctionheart failure with preserved ejection fractionmachine learningXGBoostprediction
spellingShingle Jing-xian Wang
Chang-ping Li
Zhuang Cui
Yan Liang
Yu-hang Wang
Yu Zhou
Yin Liu
Jing Gao
Jing Gao
Jing Gao
Jing Gao
Machine learning algorithms to predict heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among patients with premature myocardial infarction
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
premature myocardial infarction
heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
machine learning
XGBoost
prediction
title Machine learning algorithms to predict heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among patients with premature myocardial infarction
title_full Machine learning algorithms to predict heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among patients with premature myocardial infarction
title_fullStr Machine learning algorithms to predict heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among patients with premature myocardial infarction
title_full_unstemmed Machine learning algorithms to predict heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among patients with premature myocardial infarction
title_short Machine learning algorithms to predict heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among patients with premature myocardial infarction
title_sort machine learning algorithms to predict heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among patients with premature myocardial infarction
topic premature myocardial infarction
heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
machine learning
XGBoost
prediction
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1571185/full
work_keys_str_mv AT jingxianwang machinelearningalgorithmstopredictheartfailurewithpreservedejectionfractionamongpatientswithprematuremyocardialinfarction
AT changpingli machinelearningalgorithmstopredictheartfailurewithpreservedejectionfractionamongpatientswithprematuremyocardialinfarction
AT zhuangcui machinelearningalgorithmstopredictheartfailurewithpreservedejectionfractionamongpatientswithprematuremyocardialinfarction
AT yanliang machinelearningalgorithmstopredictheartfailurewithpreservedejectionfractionamongpatientswithprematuremyocardialinfarction
AT yuhangwang machinelearningalgorithmstopredictheartfailurewithpreservedejectionfractionamongpatientswithprematuremyocardialinfarction
AT yuzhou machinelearningalgorithmstopredictheartfailurewithpreservedejectionfractionamongpatientswithprematuremyocardialinfarction
AT yinliu machinelearningalgorithmstopredictheartfailurewithpreservedejectionfractionamongpatientswithprematuremyocardialinfarction
AT jinggao machinelearningalgorithmstopredictheartfailurewithpreservedejectionfractionamongpatientswithprematuremyocardialinfarction
AT jinggao machinelearningalgorithmstopredictheartfailurewithpreservedejectionfractionamongpatientswithprematuremyocardialinfarction
AT jinggao machinelearningalgorithmstopredictheartfailurewithpreservedejectionfractionamongpatientswithprematuremyocardialinfarction
AT jinggao machinelearningalgorithmstopredictheartfailurewithpreservedejectionfractionamongpatientswithprematuremyocardialinfarction