Mechanical recycling and upcycling of marine macro- and micro- plastics: technologies, challenges, and future directions

The escalating issue of marine plastic pollution demands urgent and innovative solutions to mitigate its detrimental impacts on ecosystems, human health, and global economies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of mechanical recycling and upcycling technologies for marine macro- and micropla...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ying Teng, Yitao Zheng, Zheng Wang, Zeping Wang, Heng Hu, Hao Zheng, Jianli Duan, Yang Meng, Yun Zhou, Philip Hall
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Marine Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2025.1625561/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849774269900259328
author Ying Teng
Ying Teng
Yitao Zheng
Yitao Zheng
Zheng Wang
Zeping Wang
Zeping Wang
Heng Hu
Hao Zheng
Jianli Duan
Yang Meng
Yang Meng
Yun Zhou
Philip Hall
author_facet Ying Teng
Ying Teng
Yitao Zheng
Yitao Zheng
Zheng Wang
Zeping Wang
Zeping Wang
Heng Hu
Hao Zheng
Jianli Duan
Yang Meng
Yang Meng
Yun Zhou
Philip Hall
author_sort Ying Teng
collection DOAJ
description The escalating issue of marine plastic pollution demands urgent and innovative solutions to mitigate its detrimental impacts on ecosystems, human health, and global economies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of mechanical recycling and upcycling technologies for marine macro- and microplastics, addressing the challenges and future directions in their sustainable management. The study systematically examines the processes of collection, cleaning, separation, and melt processing, highlighting advancements and limitations in current methodologies. Recent advancements in marine plastic recycling technologies have addressed the challenges of macroplastic collection and separation, further research into more cost-effective and scalable processes remains imperative for its recycling and upcycling. The recycling of microplastics is much more challenging because of the difficulties in efficient collection and separation. The comprehensive methodologies for the segregation of both macroplastics and microplastics were discussed. The policy framework and technical pathway for marine plastics management was proposed. The paper concludes with actionable recommendations for stakeholders, emphasizing the need for standardized monitoring, improved separation techniques, and global collaboration to combat marine plastic pollution effectively.
format Article
id doaj-art-cc34552a83cd4fe480196c65d9491882
institution DOAJ
issn 2296-7745
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Marine Science
spelling doaj-art-cc34552a83cd4fe480196c65d94918822025-08-20T03:01:46ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452025-08-011210.3389/fmars.2025.16255611625561Mechanical recycling and upcycling of marine macro- and micro- plastics: technologies, challenges, and future directionsYing Teng0Ying Teng1Yitao Zheng2Yitao Zheng3Zheng Wang4Zeping Wang5Zeping Wang6Heng Hu7Hao Zheng8Jianli Duan9Yang Meng10Yang Meng11Yun Zhou12Philip Hall13Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, ChinaNottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Centre, Ningbo, ChinaDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, ChinaNottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Centre, Ningbo, ChinaDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, ChinaDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, ChinaNottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Centre, Ningbo, ChinaDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, ChinaDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, ChinaDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Advanced Environmental Technology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, ChinaNingbo Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo, ChinaNingbo Helong New Material Co., LTD, Ningbo, ChinaDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, ChinaThe escalating issue of marine plastic pollution demands urgent and innovative solutions to mitigate its detrimental impacts on ecosystems, human health, and global economies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of mechanical recycling and upcycling technologies for marine macro- and microplastics, addressing the challenges and future directions in their sustainable management. The study systematically examines the processes of collection, cleaning, separation, and melt processing, highlighting advancements and limitations in current methodologies. Recent advancements in marine plastic recycling technologies have addressed the challenges of macroplastic collection and separation, further research into more cost-effective and scalable processes remains imperative for its recycling and upcycling. The recycling of microplastics is much more challenging because of the difficulties in efficient collection and separation. The comprehensive methodologies for the segregation of both macroplastics and microplastics were discussed. The policy framework and technical pathway for marine plastics management was proposed. The paper concludes with actionable recommendations for stakeholders, emphasizing the need for standardized monitoring, improved separation techniques, and global collaboration to combat marine plastic pollution effectively.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2025.1625561/fullmarine plasticsmechanical recyclingupcyclingupcycle plastic wasteplastic waste treatmentsustainability
spellingShingle Ying Teng
Ying Teng
Yitao Zheng
Yitao Zheng
Zheng Wang
Zeping Wang
Zeping Wang
Heng Hu
Hao Zheng
Jianli Duan
Yang Meng
Yang Meng
Yun Zhou
Philip Hall
Mechanical recycling and upcycling of marine macro- and micro- plastics: technologies, challenges, and future directions
Frontiers in Marine Science
marine plastics
mechanical recycling
upcycling
upcycle plastic waste
plastic waste treatment
sustainability
title Mechanical recycling and upcycling of marine macro- and micro- plastics: technologies, challenges, and future directions
title_full Mechanical recycling and upcycling of marine macro- and micro- plastics: technologies, challenges, and future directions
title_fullStr Mechanical recycling and upcycling of marine macro- and micro- plastics: technologies, challenges, and future directions
title_full_unstemmed Mechanical recycling and upcycling of marine macro- and micro- plastics: technologies, challenges, and future directions
title_short Mechanical recycling and upcycling of marine macro- and micro- plastics: technologies, challenges, and future directions
title_sort mechanical recycling and upcycling of marine macro and micro plastics technologies challenges and future directions
topic marine plastics
mechanical recycling
upcycling
upcycle plastic waste
plastic waste treatment
sustainability
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2025.1625561/full
work_keys_str_mv AT yingteng mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT yingteng mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT yitaozheng mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT yitaozheng mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT zhengwang mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT zepingwang mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT zepingwang mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT henghu mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT haozheng mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT jianliduan mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT yangmeng mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT yangmeng mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT yunzhou mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections
AT philiphall mechanicalrecyclingandupcyclingofmarinemacroandmicroplasticstechnologieschallengesandfuturedirections