Photodynamic therapy and nanomedicine: current knowledge, limitations, and applications in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is still a global health issue, even if oral cavity is an easily accessible anatomical site, the diagnosis is still delayed. Conventional treatments, like chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are usually employed, but not without complications. These drawbacks have necessitate...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1619560/full |
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| author | Fariba Esperouz Mauro Lorusso Andrea Santarelli Alfredo De Lillo Lorenzo Lo Muzio Domenico Ciavarella Lucio Lo Russo |
| author_facet | Fariba Esperouz Mauro Lorusso Andrea Santarelli Alfredo De Lillo Lorenzo Lo Muzio Domenico Ciavarella Lucio Lo Russo |
| author_sort | Fariba Esperouz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oral squamous cell carcinoma is still a global health issue, even if oral cavity is an easily accessible anatomical site, the diagnosis is still delayed. Conventional treatments, like chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are usually employed, but not without complications. These drawbacks have necessitated the need for new therapies, one of these is photodynamic therapy (PDT). Nanotechnologies-enhanced PDT has significantly improved tumor targeting, bioavailability, and light absorption, paving the way for its application in early-stage of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and as part of combination therapies for advanced cases. Despite the potential advantages of PDT, such as tumor selectivity, minimization of systemic side effects and repeatability of treatment, some limitations still restrict its clinical application. Despite these challenges, its application in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disease is promising, both alone or in combination with other therapies. Addressing such pros and cons of this technique, PDT may then be a possible adjuvant tool in the management of OSCC. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cc3367da2b78482eaaa9d56b85508c9a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj-art-cc3367da2b78482eaaa9d56b85508c9a2025-08-20T03:45:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2025-06-011510.3389/fonc.2025.16195601619560Photodynamic therapy and nanomedicine: current knowledge, limitations, and applications in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative reviewFariba Esperouz0Mauro Lorusso1Andrea Santarelli2Alfredo De Lillo3Lorenzo Lo Muzio4Domenico Ciavarella5Lucio Lo Russo6Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Clinic Specialistic and Stomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, ItalyOral squamous cell carcinoma is still a global health issue, even if oral cavity is an easily accessible anatomical site, the diagnosis is still delayed. Conventional treatments, like chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are usually employed, but not without complications. These drawbacks have necessitated the need for new therapies, one of these is photodynamic therapy (PDT). Nanotechnologies-enhanced PDT has significantly improved tumor targeting, bioavailability, and light absorption, paving the way for its application in early-stage of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and as part of combination therapies for advanced cases. Despite the potential advantages of PDT, such as tumor selectivity, minimization of systemic side effects and repeatability of treatment, some limitations still restrict its clinical application. Despite these challenges, its application in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disease is promising, both alone or in combination with other therapies. Addressing such pros and cons of this technique, PDT may then be a possible adjuvant tool in the management of OSCC.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1619560/fullnanomedicinephotodynamic therapyoral squamous cell carcinomacancer therapyhead and neck |
| spellingShingle | Fariba Esperouz Mauro Lorusso Andrea Santarelli Alfredo De Lillo Lorenzo Lo Muzio Domenico Ciavarella Lucio Lo Russo Photodynamic therapy and nanomedicine: current knowledge, limitations, and applications in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review Frontiers in Oncology nanomedicine photodynamic therapy oral squamous cell carcinoma cancer therapy head and neck |
| title | Photodynamic therapy and nanomedicine: current knowledge, limitations, and applications in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review |
| title_full | Photodynamic therapy and nanomedicine: current knowledge, limitations, and applications in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review |
| title_fullStr | Photodynamic therapy and nanomedicine: current knowledge, limitations, and applications in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photodynamic therapy and nanomedicine: current knowledge, limitations, and applications in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review |
| title_short | Photodynamic therapy and nanomedicine: current knowledge, limitations, and applications in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review |
| title_sort | photodynamic therapy and nanomedicine current knowledge limitations and applications in oral squamous cell carcinoma a narrative review |
| topic | nanomedicine photodynamic therapy oral squamous cell carcinoma cancer therapy head and neck |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1619560/full |
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