Antibacterial Activity of Clove Essential Oil (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) Against Oxacillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> Isolated from Dogs with Otitis Externa

Infections caused by oxacillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> are increasingly common in veterinary medicine. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics by pet owners worsens this problem, reducing treatment efficacy and creating the need for alternative therapies. This stud...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Vanessa Danielle de Freitas, Edison Lorran Jerdlicka Coelho, Janaina Marcela Assunção Rosa Moreira, Valéria Dutra, Valéria Régia Franco Sousa, Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Pathogens
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/7/709
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849252028897820672
author Vanessa Danielle de Freitas
Edison Lorran Jerdlicka Coelho
Janaina Marcela Assunção Rosa Moreira
Valéria Dutra
Valéria Régia Franco Sousa
Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida
author_facet Vanessa Danielle de Freitas
Edison Lorran Jerdlicka Coelho
Janaina Marcela Assunção Rosa Moreira
Valéria Dutra
Valéria Régia Franco Sousa
Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida
author_sort Vanessa Danielle de Freitas
collection DOAJ
description Infections caused by oxacillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> are increasingly common in veterinary medicine. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics by pet owners worsens this problem, reducing treatment efficacy and creating the need for alternative therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of clove essential oil (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) on both oxacillin-resistant and susceptible <i>S. pseudintermedius</i>. Thirty-five isolates from dogs with otitis externa were analyzed. The bacteria were identified by phenotypic tests and tested for susceptibility to 22 antibiotics using disk diffusion. Resistance genes (<i>mecA</i> and <i>blaZ</i>) were detected using conventional PCR. Among the isolates, 34.28% (12/35) were positive for <i>mecA</i>, and 97.14% (34/35) for <i>blaZ</i>. The essential oil’s efficacy was assessed using broth microdilution to determine its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Clove oil showed an average MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 6.4 mg/mL, inhibiting both resistant and susceptible isolates. In conclusion, clove essential oil demonstrated in vitro antimicrobial activity against <i>S. pseudintermedius</i>.
format Article
id doaj-art-cc2edb9576b24bd99d815ef6de67d113
institution Kabale University
issn 2076-0817
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Pathogens
spelling doaj-art-cc2edb9576b24bd99d815ef6de67d1132025-08-20T03:56:45ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172025-07-0114770910.3390/pathogens14070709Antibacterial Activity of Clove Essential Oil (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) Against Oxacillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> Isolated from Dogs with Otitis ExternaVanessa Danielle de Freitas0Edison Lorran Jerdlicka Coelho1Janaina Marcela Assunção Rosa Moreira2Valéria Dutra3Valéria Régia Franco Sousa4Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida5Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá 78060-900, Mato Grosso, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá 78060-900, Mato Grosso, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá 78060-900, Mato Grosso, BrazilCollege of Veterinary Medicine (FAVET), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá 78060-900, Mato Grosso, BrazilCollege of Veterinary Medicine (FAVET), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá 78060-900, Mato Grosso, BrazilCollege of Veterinary Medicine (FAVET), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá 78060-900, Mato Grosso, BrazilInfections caused by oxacillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> are increasingly common in veterinary medicine. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics by pet owners worsens this problem, reducing treatment efficacy and creating the need for alternative therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of clove essential oil (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) on both oxacillin-resistant and susceptible <i>S. pseudintermedius</i>. Thirty-five isolates from dogs with otitis externa were analyzed. The bacteria were identified by phenotypic tests and tested for susceptibility to 22 antibiotics using disk diffusion. Resistance genes (<i>mecA</i> and <i>blaZ</i>) were detected using conventional PCR. Among the isolates, 34.28% (12/35) were positive for <i>mecA</i>, and 97.14% (34/35) for <i>blaZ</i>. The essential oil’s efficacy was assessed using broth microdilution to determine its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Clove oil showed an average MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 6.4 mg/mL, inhibiting both resistant and susceptible isolates. In conclusion, clove essential oil demonstrated in vitro antimicrobial activity against <i>S. pseudintermedius</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/7/709otitismultidrug resistanceoxacillindogsessential oils
spellingShingle Vanessa Danielle de Freitas
Edison Lorran Jerdlicka Coelho
Janaina Marcela Assunção Rosa Moreira
Valéria Dutra
Valéria Régia Franco Sousa
Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida
Antibacterial Activity of Clove Essential Oil (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) Against Oxacillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> Isolated from Dogs with Otitis Externa
Pathogens
otitis
multidrug resistance
oxacillin
dogs
essential oils
title Antibacterial Activity of Clove Essential Oil (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) Against Oxacillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> Isolated from Dogs with Otitis Externa
title_full Antibacterial Activity of Clove Essential Oil (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) Against Oxacillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> Isolated from Dogs with Otitis Externa
title_fullStr Antibacterial Activity of Clove Essential Oil (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) Against Oxacillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> Isolated from Dogs with Otitis Externa
title_full_unstemmed Antibacterial Activity of Clove Essential Oil (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) Against Oxacillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> Isolated from Dogs with Otitis Externa
title_short Antibacterial Activity of Clove Essential Oil (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) Against Oxacillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> Isolated from Dogs with Otitis Externa
title_sort antibacterial activity of clove essential oil i syzygium aromaticum i against oxacillin resistant i staphylococcus pseudintermedius i isolated from dogs with otitis externa
topic otitis
multidrug resistance
oxacillin
dogs
essential oils
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/7/709
work_keys_str_mv AT vanessadanielledefreitas antibacterialactivityofcloveessentialoilisyzygiumaromaticumiagainstoxacillinresistantistaphylococcuspseudintermediusiisolatedfromdogswithotitisexterna
AT edisonlorranjerdlickacoelho antibacterialactivityofcloveessentialoilisyzygiumaromaticumiagainstoxacillinresistantistaphylococcuspseudintermediusiisolatedfromdogswithotitisexterna
AT janainamarcelaassuncaorosamoreira antibacterialactivityofcloveessentialoilisyzygiumaromaticumiagainstoxacillinresistantistaphylococcuspseudintermediusiisolatedfromdogswithotitisexterna
AT valeriadutra antibacterialactivityofcloveessentialoilisyzygiumaromaticumiagainstoxacillinresistantistaphylococcuspseudintermediusiisolatedfromdogswithotitisexterna
AT valeriaregiafrancosousa antibacterialactivityofcloveessentialoilisyzygiumaromaticumiagainstoxacillinresistantistaphylococcuspseudintermediusiisolatedfromdogswithotitisexterna
AT arleanadobompartoferreiradealmeida antibacterialactivityofcloveessentialoilisyzygiumaromaticumiagainstoxacillinresistantistaphylococcuspseudintermediusiisolatedfromdogswithotitisexterna