Effect of Compound Planting Mode on Nutrient Distribution in Cotton

Composite planting has become one of the primary agricultural practices promoted in recent years, especially in the northwest inland cotton regions of China, where various economic trees and crops are intercropped with cotton. However, research on the microclimatic differences affecting cotton growt...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lirong He, Lei Shi, Qiaoni Gao, Guobin Liu, Chutao Liang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Plants
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/7/1051
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850212815603761152
author Lirong He
Lei Shi
Qiaoni Gao
Guobin Liu
Chutao Liang
author_facet Lirong He
Lei Shi
Qiaoni Gao
Guobin Liu
Chutao Liang
author_sort Lirong He
collection DOAJ
description Composite planting has become one of the primary agricultural practices promoted in recent years, especially in the northwest inland cotton regions of China, where various economic trees and crops are intercropped with cotton. However, research on the microclimatic differences affecting cotton growth and the nutrient allocation strategies for cotton’s key economic organs (i.e., seed, batt, and shell) in strip composite cropping systems remains limited. In this study, we examined the nutrient allocation strategies of cotton under multiple composite cropping patterns and proposed the most suitable cultivation patterns for this region in the northwest inland region of China, utilizing an allometry partitioning index and ecological stoichiometry, based on a long-term positional experiment. The results revealed that the nutrient distribution of cotton was of equal speed with the combined planting with trees, while there was an allometric distribution index of N and P between the combined planting with maize. The effect of the compound planting mode on the nutrient-use efficiency of cotton was mainly reflected in the organ differentiation stage of its reproductive growth stage. Specifically, cotton showed lower nutrient-use efficiency in reproductive organs when intercropped with low shrubs and herbaceous crops, likely due to the insufficient protective capacity of these plants for cotton. Interestingly, strip intercropping with tall trees improved cotton’s nutrient-utilization efficiency. However, it also resulted in reduced nitrogen and phosphorus content in cotton batt. Moreover, soil indicators such as available nitrogen and electrical conductivity positively influenced the nutrient uptake of cotton shells and roots, while soil phosphorus promoted the nutrient absorption of cotton seed but inhibited the nitrogen and phosphorus of cotton shell and the nitrogen of cotton batt. These findings suggest that nutrient partitioning in cotton is influenced by a variety of soil factors. According to these results, the combined planting pattern of cotton and apple trees should be considered in practice to improve cotton yield and economic benefits in the northwest inland region of China.
format Article
id doaj-art-cbeabced440b4323bdf85e1aa251331f
institution OA Journals
issn 2223-7747
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Plants
spelling doaj-art-cbeabced440b4323bdf85e1aa251331f2025-08-20T02:09:14ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-03-01147105110.3390/plants14071051Effect of Compound Planting Mode on Nutrient Distribution in CottonLirong He0Lei Shi1Qiaoni Gao2Guobin Liu3Chutao Liang4The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, ChinaInstitute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710075, ChinaShangluo Drug Inspection Institute, Shangluo 726000, ChinaThe Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, ChinaThe Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, ChinaComposite planting has become one of the primary agricultural practices promoted in recent years, especially in the northwest inland cotton regions of China, where various economic trees and crops are intercropped with cotton. However, research on the microclimatic differences affecting cotton growth and the nutrient allocation strategies for cotton’s key economic organs (i.e., seed, batt, and shell) in strip composite cropping systems remains limited. In this study, we examined the nutrient allocation strategies of cotton under multiple composite cropping patterns and proposed the most suitable cultivation patterns for this region in the northwest inland region of China, utilizing an allometry partitioning index and ecological stoichiometry, based on a long-term positional experiment. The results revealed that the nutrient distribution of cotton was of equal speed with the combined planting with trees, while there was an allometric distribution index of N and P between the combined planting with maize. The effect of the compound planting mode on the nutrient-use efficiency of cotton was mainly reflected in the organ differentiation stage of its reproductive growth stage. Specifically, cotton showed lower nutrient-use efficiency in reproductive organs when intercropped with low shrubs and herbaceous crops, likely due to the insufficient protective capacity of these plants for cotton. Interestingly, strip intercropping with tall trees improved cotton’s nutrient-utilization efficiency. However, it also resulted in reduced nitrogen and phosphorus content in cotton batt. Moreover, soil indicators such as available nitrogen and electrical conductivity positively influenced the nutrient uptake of cotton shells and roots, while soil phosphorus promoted the nutrient absorption of cotton seed but inhibited the nitrogen and phosphorus of cotton shell and the nitrogen of cotton batt. These findings suggest that nutrient partitioning in cotton is influenced by a variety of soil factors. According to these results, the combined planting pattern of cotton and apple trees should be considered in practice to improve cotton yield and economic benefits in the northwest inland region of China.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/7/1051composite planting patternallometry distributionstoichiometric rationutrient-use efficiency
spellingShingle Lirong He
Lei Shi
Qiaoni Gao
Guobin Liu
Chutao Liang
Effect of Compound Planting Mode on Nutrient Distribution in Cotton
Plants
composite planting pattern
allometry distribution
stoichiometric ratio
nutrient-use efficiency
title Effect of Compound Planting Mode on Nutrient Distribution in Cotton
title_full Effect of Compound Planting Mode on Nutrient Distribution in Cotton
title_fullStr Effect of Compound Planting Mode on Nutrient Distribution in Cotton
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Compound Planting Mode on Nutrient Distribution in Cotton
title_short Effect of Compound Planting Mode on Nutrient Distribution in Cotton
title_sort effect of compound planting mode on nutrient distribution in cotton
topic composite planting pattern
allometry distribution
stoichiometric ratio
nutrient-use efficiency
url https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/7/1051
work_keys_str_mv AT lironghe effectofcompoundplantingmodeonnutrientdistributionincotton
AT leishi effectofcompoundplantingmodeonnutrientdistributionincotton
AT qiaonigao effectofcompoundplantingmodeonnutrientdistributionincotton
AT guobinliu effectofcompoundplantingmodeonnutrientdistributionincotton
AT chutaoliang effectofcompoundplantingmodeonnutrientdistributionincotton