Effects of the stress hormone norepinephrine on the probiotic properties of Levilactobacillus: antibacterial colonization, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation
Probiotics as antibiotic alternatives are unstable for use under stress in clinical applications. To explore the influence of catecholamine hormones on probiotic bacterial inhibition and antimicrobial activity, we tested the effects of norepinephrine (NE) on Levilactobacillus in vitro and in a mouse...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1526362/full |
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| author | Lingdi Niu Mingchun Gao Yifan Li Chaonan Wang Chaonan Wang Chuankun Zhang Haoyuan Duan Hai Li Fang Wang Junwei Ge |
| author_facet | Lingdi Niu Mingchun Gao Yifan Li Chaonan Wang Chaonan Wang Chuankun Zhang Haoyuan Duan Hai Li Fang Wang Junwei Ge |
| author_sort | Lingdi Niu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Probiotics as antibiotic alternatives are unstable for use under stress in clinical applications. To explore the influence of catecholamine hormones on probiotic bacterial inhibition and antimicrobial activity, we tested the effects of norepinephrine (NE) on Levilactobacillus in vitro and in a mouse model. The in vitro results showed that in the presence of NE, 80% of Levilactobacillus strains showed increased growth rate and more than 80% of the strains indicated lower antimicrobial activity at 22 h. Furthermore, in the mouse model, NE weakens the protective effect of L. brevis 23,017 on Escherichia coli infection, which is shown by the decreased ability of antibacterial colonization, antioxidation, and anti-inflammation, and downregulating the expression of antioxidant genes and intestinal mucosal barrier-related genes. At the same time, the addition of NE modulates the bacterial microbiota richness and diversity in the intestine, disrupting the balance of intestinal probiotics. These findings provide evidence that NE reduces the probiotic ability of Levilactobacillus and illustrates the plasticity of the probiotics in response to the intestinal microenvironment under stress. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cbdf7fe9bdb24a0588c1cf6d5eecaa34 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-cbdf7fe9bdb24a0588c1cf6d5eecaa342025-02-10T14:24:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-02-011610.3389/fmicb.2025.15263621526362Effects of the stress hormone norepinephrine on the probiotic properties of Levilactobacillus: antibacterial colonization, anti-inflammation, and antioxidationLingdi Niu0Mingchun Gao1Yifan Li2Chaonan Wang3Chaonan Wang4Chuankun Zhang5Haoyuan Duan6Hai Li7Fang Wang8Junwei Ge9Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaProbiotics as antibiotic alternatives are unstable for use under stress in clinical applications. To explore the influence of catecholamine hormones on probiotic bacterial inhibition and antimicrobial activity, we tested the effects of norepinephrine (NE) on Levilactobacillus in vitro and in a mouse model. The in vitro results showed that in the presence of NE, 80% of Levilactobacillus strains showed increased growth rate and more than 80% of the strains indicated lower antimicrobial activity at 22 h. Furthermore, in the mouse model, NE weakens the protective effect of L. brevis 23,017 on Escherichia coli infection, which is shown by the decreased ability of antibacterial colonization, antioxidation, and anti-inflammation, and downregulating the expression of antioxidant genes and intestinal mucosal barrier-related genes. At the same time, the addition of NE modulates the bacterial microbiota richness and diversity in the intestine, disrupting the balance of intestinal probiotics. These findings provide evidence that NE reduces the probiotic ability of Levilactobacillus and illustrates the plasticity of the probiotics in response to the intestinal microenvironment under stress.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1526362/fullLevilactobacilluscatecholamine hormoneantimicrobial activityprobiotic effectsmicrobial endocrinology |
| spellingShingle | Lingdi Niu Mingchun Gao Yifan Li Chaonan Wang Chaonan Wang Chuankun Zhang Haoyuan Duan Hai Li Fang Wang Junwei Ge Effects of the stress hormone norepinephrine on the probiotic properties of Levilactobacillus: antibacterial colonization, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation Frontiers in Microbiology Levilactobacillus catecholamine hormone antimicrobial activity probiotic effects microbial endocrinology |
| title | Effects of the stress hormone norepinephrine on the probiotic properties of Levilactobacillus: antibacterial colonization, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation |
| title_full | Effects of the stress hormone norepinephrine on the probiotic properties of Levilactobacillus: antibacterial colonization, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation |
| title_fullStr | Effects of the stress hormone norepinephrine on the probiotic properties of Levilactobacillus: antibacterial colonization, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of the stress hormone norepinephrine on the probiotic properties of Levilactobacillus: antibacterial colonization, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation |
| title_short | Effects of the stress hormone norepinephrine on the probiotic properties of Levilactobacillus: antibacterial colonization, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation |
| title_sort | effects of the stress hormone norepinephrine on the probiotic properties of levilactobacillus antibacterial colonization anti inflammation and antioxidation |
| topic | Levilactobacillus catecholamine hormone antimicrobial activity probiotic effects microbial endocrinology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1526362/full |
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