Outbreak of diarrhea among preweaning alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in the southern Peruvian highland
Introduction: Infections, particularly diarrheal infections, are a major cause of neonatal death in South American camelids. The aim of this study was to identify the pathogens that could have caused the recent diarrhea outbreak among the alpacas in Silli, Cusco, located in the southern Peruvian hig...
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| Language: | English |
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The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
2016-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| Online Access: | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/7398 |
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| author | Miguel Rojas Alberto Manchego Camila B Rocha Luz Alba Fornells Raquel C Silva Gabriella S Mendes Helver G Dias Nieves Sandoval Danilo Pezo Norma Santos |
| author_facet | Miguel Rojas Alberto Manchego Camila B Rocha Luz Alba Fornells Raquel C Silva Gabriella S Mendes Helver G Dias Nieves Sandoval Danilo Pezo Norma Santos |
| author_sort | Miguel Rojas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Infections, particularly diarrheal infections, are a major cause of neonatal death in South American camelids. The aim of this study was to identify the pathogens that could have caused the recent diarrhea outbreak among the alpacas in Silli, Cusco, located in the southern Peruvian highland.
Methodology: Spleen, kidney, and intestine tissue along with fecal and intestinal lavage samples were obtained from 50 one- to five-week-old alpacas and analyzed for the presence of parasites, bacteria, and viruses.
Results: Laboratory testing of the 50 crias included in this study revealed that 80% were infected with Eimeria spp., 40% with coronavirus, 34% with E. coli, 32% with rotavirus, 22% with Clostridium spp., and 20% with Cryptosporidium spp. Of these 50 alpaca crias, 20 presented with a single infection (19 positive for Eimeria spp. and 1 positive for rotavirus). Co-infections with up to four pathogens occurred in 60% of the samples. The significance of such infections is not clear, but it is noteworthy that the animals suffering from necrotic and/or hemorrhagic enteritis presented with quadruple infections. It is likely that co-infections increase the severity of the disease.
Conclusions: These data show that multiple pathogens circulate among young alpaca crias and could be associated with diarrheal disease in these animals. The findings from this study warrant the provision of subsidies for future assessment of the potential economic impact of these infections on the productivity of the Peruvian alpaca industry.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cbd13d927bd4408b99325cf2a4f3af27 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1972-2680 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-03-01 |
| publisher | The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| spelling | doaj-art-cbd13d927bd4408b99325cf2a4f3af272025-08-20T03:52:38ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802016-03-01100310.3855/jidc.7398Outbreak of diarrhea among preweaning alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in the southern Peruvian highlandMiguel Rojas0Alberto Manchego1Camila B Rocha2Luz Alba Fornells3Raquel C Silva4Gabriella S Mendes5Helver G Dias6Nieves Sandoval7Danilo Pezo8Norma Santos9Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratorio de Microbiologia y Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, (FMV/UNMSM), Lima, PerúInstituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilInstituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilInstituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilInstituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilInstituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratorio de Histología, Embriología y Patología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, (FMV/UNMSM), Lima, PerúInstituto Veterinario de Investigaciones Tropicales y de Altura (IVITA), Cuzco, PerúInstituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilIntroduction: Infections, particularly diarrheal infections, are a major cause of neonatal death in South American camelids. The aim of this study was to identify the pathogens that could have caused the recent diarrhea outbreak among the alpacas in Silli, Cusco, located in the southern Peruvian highland. Methodology: Spleen, kidney, and intestine tissue along with fecal and intestinal lavage samples were obtained from 50 one- to five-week-old alpacas and analyzed for the presence of parasites, bacteria, and viruses. Results: Laboratory testing of the 50 crias included in this study revealed that 80% were infected with Eimeria spp., 40% with coronavirus, 34% with E. coli, 32% with rotavirus, 22% with Clostridium spp., and 20% with Cryptosporidium spp. Of these 50 alpaca crias, 20 presented with a single infection (19 positive for Eimeria spp. and 1 positive for rotavirus). Co-infections with up to four pathogens occurred in 60% of the samples. The significance of such infections is not clear, but it is noteworthy that the animals suffering from necrotic and/or hemorrhagic enteritis presented with quadruple infections. It is likely that co-infections increase the severity of the disease. Conclusions: These data show that multiple pathogens circulate among young alpaca crias and could be associated with diarrheal disease in these animals. The findings from this study warrant the provision of subsidies for future assessment of the potential economic impact of these infections on the productivity of the Peruvian alpaca industry. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/7398alpacasbacteriadiarrheaPeruprotozoavirus |
| spellingShingle | Miguel Rojas Alberto Manchego Camila B Rocha Luz Alba Fornells Raquel C Silva Gabriella S Mendes Helver G Dias Nieves Sandoval Danilo Pezo Norma Santos Outbreak of diarrhea among preweaning alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in the southern Peruvian highland Journal of Infection in Developing Countries alpacas bacteria diarrhea Peru protozoa virus |
| title | Outbreak of diarrhea among preweaning alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in the southern Peruvian highland |
| title_full | Outbreak of diarrhea among preweaning alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in the southern Peruvian highland |
| title_fullStr | Outbreak of diarrhea among preweaning alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in the southern Peruvian highland |
| title_full_unstemmed | Outbreak of diarrhea among preweaning alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in the southern Peruvian highland |
| title_short | Outbreak of diarrhea among preweaning alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in the southern Peruvian highland |
| title_sort | outbreak of diarrhea among preweaning alpacas vicugna pacos in the southern peruvian highland |
| topic | alpacas bacteria diarrhea Peru protozoa virus |
| url | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/7398 |
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