Fueling neurodegeneration: metabolic insights into microglia functions
Abstract Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, emerge in the brain during early embryonic development and persist throughout life. They play essential roles in brain homeostasis, and their dysfunction contributes to neuroinflammation and the progression of neurodegenera...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Neuroinflammation |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-024-03296-0 |
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| author | Mohammadamin Sadeghdoust Aysika Das Deepak Kumar Kaushik |
| author_facet | Mohammadamin Sadeghdoust Aysika Das Deepak Kumar Kaushik |
| author_sort | Mohammadamin Sadeghdoust |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, emerge in the brain during early embryonic development and persist throughout life. They play essential roles in brain homeostasis, and their dysfunction contributes to neuroinflammation and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have uncovered an intricate relationship between microglia functions and metabolic processes, offering fresh perspectives on disease mechanisms and possible treatments. Despite these advancements, there are still significant gaps in our understanding of how metabolic dysregulation affects microglial phenotypes in these disorders. This review aims to address these gaps, laying the groundwork for future research on the topic. We specifically examine how metabolic shifts in microglia, such as the transition from oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial metabolism to heightened glycolysis during proinflammatory states, impact the disease progression in Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington’s disease. Additionally, we explore the role of iron, fatty and amino acid metabolism in microglial homeostasis and repair. Identifying both distinct and shared metabolic adaptations in microglia across neurodegenerative diseases could reveal common therapeutic targets and provide a deeper understanding of disease-specific mechanisms underlying multiple CNS disorders. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cbcd60107f724d36aae20c2c58b57b43 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1742-2094 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Neuroinflammation |
| spelling | doaj-art-cbcd60107f724d36aae20c2c58b57b432025-08-20T02:22:30ZengBMCJournal of Neuroinflammation1742-20942024-11-0121111810.1186/s12974-024-03296-0Fueling neurodegeneration: metabolic insights into microglia functionsMohammadamin Sadeghdoust0Aysika Das1Deepak Kumar Kaushik2Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University of NewfoundlandDivision of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University of NewfoundlandDivision of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University of NewfoundlandAbstract Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, emerge in the brain during early embryonic development and persist throughout life. They play essential roles in brain homeostasis, and their dysfunction contributes to neuroinflammation and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have uncovered an intricate relationship between microglia functions and metabolic processes, offering fresh perspectives on disease mechanisms and possible treatments. Despite these advancements, there are still significant gaps in our understanding of how metabolic dysregulation affects microglial phenotypes in these disorders. This review aims to address these gaps, laying the groundwork for future research on the topic. We specifically examine how metabolic shifts in microglia, such as the transition from oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial metabolism to heightened glycolysis during proinflammatory states, impact the disease progression in Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington’s disease. Additionally, we explore the role of iron, fatty and amino acid metabolism in microglial homeostasis and repair. Identifying both distinct and shared metabolic adaptations in microglia across neurodegenerative diseases could reveal common therapeutic targets and provide a deeper understanding of disease-specific mechanisms underlying multiple CNS disorders.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-024-03296-0MicrogliaNeuroinflammationImmunometabolismNeurodegenerative diseasesTherapeutic strategies |
| spellingShingle | Mohammadamin Sadeghdoust Aysika Das Deepak Kumar Kaushik Fueling neurodegeneration: metabolic insights into microglia functions Journal of Neuroinflammation Microglia Neuroinflammation Immunometabolism Neurodegenerative diseases Therapeutic strategies |
| title | Fueling neurodegeneration: metabolic insights into microglia functions |
| title_full | Fueling neurodegeneration: metabolic insights into microglia functions |
| title_fullStr | Fueling neurodegeneration: metabolic insights into microglia functions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fueling neurodegeneration: metabolic insights into microglia functions |
| title_short | Fueling neurodegeneration: metabolic insights into microglia functions |
| title_sort | fueling neurodegeneration metabolic insights into microglia functions |
| topic | Microglia Neuroinflammation Immunometabolism Neurodegenerative diseases Therapeutic strategies |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-024-03296-0 |
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