Paraclitoral Epidermal Cysts: A Literature Systematic Review
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Epidermal inclusion cysts are benign lesions with usually good prognosis. Clitoral epidermal cysts are very uncommon and can be spontaneous or caused by a prior surgical operation, usually female genital mutilation. Surgical removal of the cyst is the pr...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/3/520 |
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| author | Clarissa Costa Marta Barba Alice Cola Matteo Frigerio |
| author_facet | Clarissa Costa Marta Barba Alice Cola Matteo Frigerio |
| author_sort | Clarissa Costa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: Epidermal inclusion cysts are benign lesions with usually good prognosis. Clitoral epidermal cysts are very uncommon and can be spontaneous or caused by a prior surgical operation, usually female genital mutilation. Surgical removal of the cyst is the preferred treatment, and it is associated with excellent postoperative results. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: We present the medical history and surgical treatment of a 39-year-old woman with a symptomatic epidermal clitoral cyst. To discuss our case in the context of a synopsis of similar published cases, we conducted a systematic review of epidermal clitoral cysts to synthesize available knowledge on symptoms, diagnosis, etiology, and management about this rare condition. <i>Results</i>: A total of 46 studies, describing 162 patients, were identified. The presence of clitoral cysts should be suspected in patients complaining of vaginal bulging, sexual discomfort, and urinary symptoms. Clinical examination as well as other instrumental techniques represent a useful tool for diagnosis. The gold standard treatment is to perform surgical excision. Follow-up is needed to diagnose possible recurrences. <i>Conclusions</i>: We present the first systematic review focusing on epidermal clitoral cysts including both spontaneous and traumatic etiologies. It is important to include these lesions in the differential diagnosis of congenital clitoromegaly and clitoral mass, especially in the case of history of FGM, trauma, or surgery in the genital area. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cb7d178a7d114a21bf45a7d32793a107 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj-art-cb7d178a7d114a21bf45a7d32793a1072025-08-20T02:42:22ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442025-03-0161352010.3390/medicina61030520Paraclitoral Epidermal Cysts: A Literature Systematic ReviewClarissa Costa0Marta Barba1Alice Cola2Matteo Frigerio3Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, ItalyFondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, ItalyFondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, ItalyFondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Epidermal inclusion cysts are benign lesions with usually good prognosis. Clitoral epidermal cysts are very uncommon and can be spontaneous or caused by a prior surgical operation, usually female genital mutilation. Surgical removal of the cyst is the preferred treatment, and it is associated with excellent postoperative results. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: We present the medical history and surgical treatment of a 39-year-old woman with a symptomatic epidermal clitoral cyst. To discuss our case in the context of a synopsis of similar published cases, we conducted a systematic review of epidermal clitoral cysts to synthesize available knowledge on symptoms, diagnosis, etiology, and management about this rare condition. <i>Results</i>: A total of 46 studies, describing 162 patients, were identified. The presence of clitoral cysts should be suspected in patients complaining of vaginal bulging, sexual discomfort, and urinary symptoms. Clinical examination as well as other instrumental techniques represent a useful tool for diagnosis. The gold standard treatment is to perform surgical excision. Follow-up is needed to diagnose possible recurrences. <i>Conclusions</i>: We present the first systematic review focusing on epidermal clitoral cysts including both spontaneous and traumatic etiologies. It is important to include these lesions in the differential diagnosis of congenital clitoromegaly and clitoral mass, especially in the case of history of FGM, trauma, or surgery in the genital area.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/3/520clitoral cystepidermoid cystepidermal inclusion cystinclusion cystspontaneous cyst of clitoris |
| spellingShingle | Clarissa Costa Marta Barba Alice Cola Matteo Frigerio Paraclitoral Epidermal Cysts: A Literature Systematic Review Medicina clitoral cyst epidermoid cyst epidermal inclusion cyst inclusion cyst spontaneous cyst of clitoris |
| title | Paraclitoral Epidermal Cysts: A Literature Systematic Review |
| title_full | Paraclitoral Epidermal Cysts: A Literature Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Paraclitoral Epidermal Cysts: A Literature Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Paraclitoral Epidermal Cysts: A Literature Systematic Review |
| title_short | Paraclitoral Epidermal Cysts: A Literature Systematic Review |
| title_sort | paraclitoral epidermal cysts a literature systematic review |
| topic | clitoral cyst epidermoid cyst epidermal inclusion cyst inclusion cyst spontaneous cyst of clitoris |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/3/520 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT clarissacosta paraclitoralepidermalcystsaliteraturesystematicreview AT martabarba paraclitoralepidermalcystsaliteraturesystematicreview AT alicecola paraclitoralepidermalcystsaliteraturesystematicreview AT matteofrigerio paraclitoralepidermalcystsaliteraturesystematicreview |