Menopausal hormone therapy and exercise on psychosocial well-being and stress in menopausal women

IntroductionMenopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is widely used to alleviate menopausal symptoms, but concerns regarding its risks have led many women to seek alternative treatments, such as physical activity, mindfulness, and yoga. While research suggests that these non-pharmaceutical interventions may...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ming Jun Kuck, Eef Hogervorst
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Reproductive Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frph.2025.1582406/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850033502712496128
author Ming Jun Kuck
Eef Hogervorst
author_facet Ming Jun Kuck
Eef Hogervorst
author_sort Ming Jun Kuck
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionMenopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is widely used to alleviate menopausal symptoms, but concerns regarding its risks have led many women to seek alternative treatments, such as physical activity, mindfulness, and yoga. While research suggests that these non-pharmaceutical interventions may improve quality of life (QoL), their efficacy remains debated. This study investigates the independent and interactive effects of MHT and exercise on psychosocial QoL and perceived stress in menopausal women.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey recruited 272 women aged 40–60 experiencing menopausal symptoms. Participants reported MHT use and engagement in physical activity, mindfulness, or yoga. Psychosocial QoL was assessed using the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MenQoL) scale, and perceived stress was measured using PSS-10. Data were analysed using general linear models and partial correlation analyses.ResultsMHT use was significantly associated with poorer psychosocial QoL and worse memory complaints. However, physical activity and yoga were linked to lower perceived stress and better psychosocial QoL. In contrast, mindfulness, as a standalone therapy, was associated with higher perceived stress and depression. No significant interaction effects were observed between MHT and exercise.ConclusionWhile MHT remains a common treatment for menopausal symptoms, its association with poorer psychosocial QoL and memory issues suggests a need for personalised approaches. Engaging in physical activity and yoga appears to offer greater mental health benefits, whereas mindfulness alone is associated with worse mental health. Future research should explore the mechanisms underlying these relationships and the long-term effects of MHT and exercise, especially in early and surgical menopausal women.
format Article
id doaj-art-cb68c747239d4b19992c0ef07a10ee84
institution DOAJ
issn 2673-3153
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Reproductive Health
spelling doaj-art-cb68c747239d4b19992c0ef07a10ee842025-08-20T02:58:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Reproductive Health2673-31532025-08-01710.3389/frph.2025.15824061582406Menopausal hormone therapy and exercise on psychosocial well-being and stress in menopausal womenMing Jun KuckEef HogervorstIntroductionMenopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is widely used to alleviate menopausal symptoms, but concerns regarding its risks have led many women to seek alternative treatments, such as physical activity, mindfulness, and yoga. While research suggests that these non-pharmaceutical interventions may improve quality of life (QoL), their efficacy remains debated. This study investigates the independent and interactive effects of MHT and exercise on psychosocial QoL and perceived stress in menopausal women.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey recruited 272 women aged 40–60 experiencing menopausal symptoms. Participants reported MHT use and engagement in physical activity, mindfulness, or yoga. Psychosocial QoL was assessed using the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MenQoL) scale, and perceived stress was measured using PSS-10. Data were analysed using general linear models and partial correlation analyses.ResultsMHT use was significantly associated with poorer psychosocial QoL and worse memory complaints. However, physical activity and yoga were linked to lower perceived stress and better psychosocial QoL. In contrast, mindfulness, as a standalone therapy, was associated with higher perceived stress and depression. No significant interaction effects were observed between MHT and exercise.ConclusionWhile MHT remains a common treatment for menopausal symptoms, its association with poorer psychosocial QoL and memory issues suggests a need for personalised approaches. Engaging in physical activity and yoga appears to offer greater mental health benefits, whereas mindfulness alone is associated with worse mental health. Future research should explore the mechanisms underlying these relationships and the long-term effects of MHT and exercise, especially in early and surgical menopausal women.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frph.2025.1582406/fullmenopausal hormone therapyphysical activityyogamindfulnesspsychosocial quality of lifeperceived stress
spellingShingle Ming Jun Kuck
Eef Hogervorst
Menopausal hormone therapy and exercise on psychosocial well-being and stress in menopausal women
Frontiers in Reproductive Health
menopausal hormone therapy
physical activity
yoga
mindfulness
psychosocial quality of life
perceived stress
title Menopausal hormone therapy and exercise on psychosocial well-being and stress in menopausal women
title_full Menopausal hormone therapy and exercise on psychosocial well-being and stress in menopausal women
title_fullStr Menopausal hormone therapy and exercise on psychosocial well-being and stress in menopausal women
title_full_unstemmed Menopausal hormone therapy and exercise on psychosocial well-being and stress in menopausal women
title_short Menopausal hormone therapy and exercise on psychosocial well-being and stress in menopausal women
title_sort menopausal hormone therapy and exercise on psychosocial well being and stress in menopausal women
topic menopausal hormone therapy
physical activity
yoga
mindfulness
psychosocial quality of life
perceived stress
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frph.2025.1582406/full
work_keys_str_mv AT mingjunkuck menopausalhormonetherapyandexerciseonpsychosocialwellbeingandstressinmenopausalwomen
AT eefhogervorst menopausalhormonetherapyandexerciseonpsychosocialwellbeingandstressinmenopausalwomen