Design of a Half-Mode Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Multimode Resonator Bandpass Filter Using the Minkowski Fractal for C-Band Applications
A substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter (BPF) with extraordinary selectivity and an adequate upper stopband for C-band Satellite Communication (SATCOM) applications is proposed in this paper. The design comprises comb-shaped slots engraved on a half-mode SIW (HMSIW) that constitute a...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Nitin Muchhal Abhay Kumar Nidhi Tewari Samriti Kalia Shweta Srivastava |
| author_facet | Nitin Muchhal Abhay Kumar Nidhi Tewari Samriti Kalia Shweta Srivastava |
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| description | A substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter (BPF) with extraordinary selectivity and an adequate upper stopband for C-band Satellite Communication (SATCOM) applications is proposed in this paper. The design comprises comb-shaped slots engraved on a half-mode SIW (HMSIW) that constitute a multimode resonator (MMR). Its performance is further ameliorated by applying the first and second iterations of the Minkowski fractal curve in the ground plane as a defected ground structure (DGS). The Minkowski fractal has advantages in terms of better bandwidth and miniaturization. The filter is first simulated using the commercial full-wave electromagnetic simulator HFSS v19 and then fabricated on a 0.062′′ (1.6 mm) FR4 with dielectric constant ε<sub>r</sub> = 4.4. The measured results are comparable with the simulated ones and demonstrate that the BPF has a resonant frequency (f<sub>0</sub>) of 4.75 GHz, a 3 dB bandwidth of 770 MHz (fractional bandwidth of 21.4%), an insertion loss of 1.05 dB, and an out-of-band rejection (in the stopband) of more than 28 dB up to 8 GHz, demonstrating a wide and deep stopband. Using the multimode resonator (MMR) technique, a wide bandwidth has been achieved, and by virtue of using half-mode SIW (HMSIW), the proposed BPF is compact in size. Also, the fractal DGS aids in better stopband performance. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | DOAJ |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj-art-cb449f6f7eba46ab9d752426568dea702025-08-20T02:39:41ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2024-11-011512144010.3390/mi15121440Design of a Half-Mode Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Multimode Resonator Bandpass Filter Using the Minkowski Fractal for C-Band ApplicationsNitin Muchhal0Abhay Kumar1Nidhi Tewari2Samriti Kalia3Shweta Srivastava4Department of ECE, Jaypee Institute of Informaton Technology, Noida 201309, UP, IndiaDepartment of ECE, Jaypee Institute of Informaton Technology, Noida 201309, UP, IndiaDepartment of ECE, Jaypee Institute of Informaton Technology, Noida 201309, UP, IndiaDepartment of ECE, Jaypee Institute of Informaton Technology, Noida 201309, UP, IndiaDepartment of ECE, Jaypee Institute of Informaton Technology, Noida 201309, UP, IndiaA substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter (BPF) with extraordinary selectivity and an adequate upper stopband for C-band Satellite Communication (SATCOM) applications is proposed in this paper. The design comprises comb-shaped slots engraved on a half-mode SIW (HMSIW) that constitute a multimode resonator (MMR). Its performance is further ameliorated by applying the first and second iterations of the Minkowski fractal curve in the ground plane as a defected ground structure (DGS). The Minkowski fractal has advantages in terms of better bandwidth and miniaturization. The filter is first simulated using the commercial full-wave electromagnetic simulator HFSS v19 and then fabricated on a 0.062′′ (1.6 mm) FR4 with dielectric constant ε<sub>r</sub> = 4.4. The measured results are comparable with the simulated ones and demonstrate that the BPF has a resonant frequency (f<sub>0</sub>) of 4.75 GHz, a 3 dB bandwidth of 770 MHz (fractional bandwidth of 21.4%), an insertion loss of 1.05 dB, and an out-of-band rejection (in the stopband) of more than 28 dB up to 8 GHz, demonstrating a wide and deep stopband. Using the multimode resonator (MMR) technique, a wide bandwidth has been achieved, and by virtue of using half-mode SIW (HMSIW), the proposed BPF is compact in size. Also, the fractal DGS aids in better stopband performance.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/15/12/1440bandpass filterSIWfractalDGSC-band |
| spellingShingle | Nitin Muchhal Abhay Kumar Nidhi Tewari Samriti Kalia Shweta Srivastava Design of a Half-Mode Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Multimode Resonator Bandpass Filter Using the Minkowski Fractal for C-Band Applications Micromachines bandpass filter SIW fractal DGS C-band |
| title | Design of a Half-Mode Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Multimode Resonator Bandpass Filter Using the Minkowski Fractal for C-Band Applications |
| title_full | Design of a Half-Mode Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Multimode Resonator Bandpass Filter Using the Minkowski Fractal for C-Band Applications |
| title_fullStr | Design of a Half-Mode Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Multimode Resonator Bandpass Filter Using the Minkowski Fractal for C-Band Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design of a Half-Mode Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Multimode Resonator Bandpass Filter Using the Minkowski Fractal for C-Band Applications |
| title_short | Design of a Half-Mode Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Multimode Resonator Bandpass Filter Using the Minkowski Fractal for C-Band Applications |
| title_sort | design of a half mode substrate integrated waveguide hmsiw multimode resonator bandpass filter using the minkowski fractal for c band applications |
| topic | bandpass filter SIW fractal DGS C-band |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/15/12/1440 |
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