Lung cancer risk and its potential association with PM2.5 in Bagmati province, Nepal—A spatiotemporal study from 2012 to 2021
BackgroundDespite examining the role of an association between particulate matter and lung cancer in low-income countries, studies on the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter and lung cancer risk are still contradictory. This study investigates the spatiotemporal distribution...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1490973/full |
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| author | Basanta Kumar Neupane Basanta Kumar Neupane Bipin Kumar Acharya Bipin Kumar Acharya Chunxiang Cao Min Xu Pornpimol Kodsup Taylor Pornpimol Kodsup Taylor Shaohua Wang Yujie Yang Yujie Yang |
| author_facet | Basanta Kumar Neupane Basanta Kumar Neupane Bipin Kumar Acharya Bipin Kumar Acharya Chunxiang Cao Min Xu Pornpimol Kodsup Taylor Pornpimol Kodsup Taylor Shaohua Wang Yujie Yang Yujie Yang |
| author_sort | Basanta Kumar Neupane |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundDespite examining the role of an association between particulate matter and lung cancer in low-income countries, studies on the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter and lung cancer risk are still contradictory. This study investigates the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of lung cancer incidence and potential association with particulate matter (PM2.5) in Bagmati province, Nepal.MethodsWe performed a spatiotemporal study to analyze the LC – PM2.5 association, using LC and annual mean PM2.5 concentration data from 2012 to 2021. The study assessed the global spatial autocorrelation test using global Moran's I, applied hotspot analysis. A bivariate statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the association, we also applied the geographically weighted regression model (GWR) to look for possible relationships.ResultsThe annual mean crude incidence rate (CIR) and standardized incidence rate (SIR) were 5.16, and 6.09 respectively. The study reveals an increasing trend with notable municipal-level spatial variations. Bhaktapur municipality exhibits the highest CIR (243.88), followed by Panchkhal and Sunapati. Males consistently exhibit higher rates, particularly in middle-aged and older adult populations. Bhaktapur displayed the highest CIR in males (171.9) but very low in females (72). The spatial analysis identified concentration trends and hotspots developed in the Bhaktapur, Panchkhal, and Sunapati municipalities. The SIR showed fluctuating patterns of continuous rise until 2019, decrease in 2020, and rise again thereafter. Similar fluctuation association patterns were observed with PM2.5, the r-squared value consistently fluctuated during the study period.ConclusionIn this study, we found an association between PM2.5 exposure and lung cancer incidence. The findings underscore the need for targeted public health interventions, highlighting the role of PM2.5. Future research is suggested to explore the relationship between lung cancer distribution and various environmental risk factors for effective control and prevention. Addressing air pollution could potentially reduce future lung cancer risk. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cb16c4f8d46b4cf19bf14df620956634 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-cb16c4f8d46b4cf19bf14df6209566342025-08-20T02:35:53ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652024-12-011210.3389/fpubh.2024.14909731490973Lung cancer risk and its potential association with PM2.5 in Bagmati province, Nepal—A spatiotemporal study from 2012 to 2021Basanta Kumar Neupane0Basanta Kumar Neupane1Bipin Kumar Acharya2Bipin Kumar Acharya3Chunxiang Cao4Min Xu5Pornpimol Kodsup Taylor6Pornpimol Kodsup Taylor7Shaohua Wang8Yujie Yang9Yujie Yang10State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaNepal Open University, Lalitpur, NepalNepal Geographical Society, Kathmandu, NepalState Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaTaylor Foundation for the Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United StatesTulane University, New Orleans, LA, United StatesState Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaBackgroundDespite examining the role of an association between particulate matter and lung cancer in low-income countries, studies on the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter and lung cancer risk are still contradictory. This study investigates the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of lung cancer incidence and potential association with particulate matter (PM2.5) in Bagmati province, Nepal.MethodsWe performed a spatiotemporal study to analyze the LC – PM2.5 association, using LC and annual mean PM2.5 concentration data from 2012 to 2021. The study assessed the global spatial autocorrelation test using global Moran's I, applied hotspot analysis. A bivariate statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the association, we also applied the geographically weighted regression model (GWR) to look for possible relationships.ResultsThe annual mean crude incidence rate (CIR) and standardized incidence rate (SIR) were 5.16, and 6.09 respectively. The study reveals an increasing trend with notable municipal-level spatial variations. Bhaktapur municipality exhibits the highest CIR (243.88), followed by Panchkhal and Sunapati. Males consistently exhibit higher rates, particularly in middle-aged and older adult populations. Bhaktapur displayed the highest CIR in males (171.9) but very low in females (72). The spatial analysis identified concentration trends and hotspots developed in the Bhaktapur, Panchkhal, and Sunapati municipalities. The SIR showed fluctuating patterns of continuous rise until 2019, decrease in 2020, and rise again thereafter. Similar fluctuation association patterns were observed with PM2.5, the r-squared value consistently fluctuated during the study period.ConclusionIn this study, we found an association between PM2.5 exposure and lung cancer incidence. The findings underscore the need for targeted public health interventions, highlighting the role of PM2.5. Future research is suggested to explore the relationship between lung cancer distribution and various environmental risk factors for effective control and prevention. Addressing air pollution could potentially reduce future lung cancer risk.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1490973/fulllung cancerspatiotemporal distributionPM2.5pollutionBagmati province |
| spellingShingle | Basanta Kumar Neupane Basanta Kumar Neupane Bipin Kumar Acharya Bipin Kumar Acharya Chunxiang Cao Min Xu Pornpimol Kodsup Taylor Pornpimol Kodsup Taylor Shaohua Wang Yujie Yang Yujie Yang Lung cancer risk and its potential association with PM2.5 in Bagmati province, Nepal—A spatiotemporal study from 2012 to 2021 Frontiers in Public Health lung cancer spatiotemporal distribution PM2.5 pollution Bagmati province |
| title | Lung cancer risk and its potential association with PM2.5 in Bagmati province, Nepal—A spatiotemporal study from 2012 to 2021 |
| title_full | Lung cancer risk and its potential association with PM2.5 in Bagmati province, Nepal—A spatiotemporal study from 2012 to 2021 |
| title_fullStr | Lung cancer risk and its potential association with PM2.5 in Bagmati province, Nepal—A spatiotemporal study from 2012 to 2021 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lung cancer risk and its potential association with PM2.5 in Bagmati province, Nepal—A spatiotemporal study from 2012 to 2021 |
| title_short | Lung cancer risk and its potential association with PM2.5 in Bagmati province, Nepal—A spatiotemporal study from 2012 to 2021 |
| title_sort | lung cancer risk and its potential association with pm2 5 in bagmati province nepal a spatiotemporal study from 2012 to 2021 |
| topic | lung cancer spatiotemporal distribution PM2.5 pollution Bagmati province |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1490973/full |
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