Study on the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of sulfamethoxazole using three-dimensional boron-doped diamond
In this study, we prepared a novel three-dimensional boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode. Subsequently, we systematically conducted an electrochemical oxidation reaction on sulfamethoxazole (SMX) using a BDD anode and a platinum plate (Pt) cathode. The effects of initial concentration, current densi...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Applied Catalysis O: Open |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950648424001007 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850248175763324928 |
|---|---|
| author | Longlong Wei Yizhou Yang Shengdi Luo Shaofan Wang Yangyang Wang |
| author_facet | Longlong Wei Yizhou Yang Shengdi Luo Shaofan Wang Yangyang Wang |
| author_sort | Longlong Wei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we prepared a novel three-dimensional boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode. Subsequently, we systematically conducted an electrochemical oxidation reaction on sulfamethoxazole (SMX) using a BDD anode and a platinum plate (Pt) cathode. The effects of initial concentration, current density, initial pH, and carrier electrolyte on SMX degradation were investigated. The SMX was completely removed after 4 h of electrolysis at a current density of 30 mA/cm2, 0.1 mol sodium sulphate as the supporting electrolyte, and a pH of 7. Additionally, the COD removal rate was 65.6 %, while the energy consumption was 40.1 %. Compared with two-dimensional BDD electrode degradation, the energy saving was 54 %. Density functional theory (DFT) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to analyse the SMX degradation mechanism. Three possible degradation pathways were proposed: ·OH substitution of the amino group in the aromatic ring, oxidation of the amino group to nitrogen dioxide, and addition of ·OH to the isoxazole ring. The active sites detected in the reaction corresponded closely with the calculated results using DFT. Moreover, ECOSAR toxicity analysis was applied to evaluate the toxicity of the intermediates produced during electrolysis. We discovered that the toxicity of SMX and its intermediates decreased significantly during electrolysis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cafbd411527846a2a923d0d678fae18e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2950-6484 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Catalysis O: Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-cafbd411527846a2a923d0d678fae18e2025-08-20T01:58:45ZengElsevierApplied Catalysis O: Open2950-64842024-12-0119720701410.1016/j.apcato.2024.207014Study on the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of sulfamethoxazole using three-dimensional boron-doped diamondLonglong Wei0Yizhou Yang1Shengdi Luo2Shaofan Wang3Yangyang Wang4Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China; Corresponding author.Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, ChinaTowngas China Company Limited, Shenyang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, ChinaIn this study, we prepared a novel three-dimensional boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode. Subsequently, we systematically conducted an electrochemical oxidation reaction on sulfamethoxazole (SMX) using a BDD anode and a platinum plate (Pt) cathode. The effects of initial concentration, current density, initial pH, and carrier electrolyte on SMX degradation were investigated. The SMX was completely removed after 4 h of electrolysis at a current density of 30 mA/cm2, 0.1 mol sodium sulphate as the supporting electrolyte, and a pH of 7. Additionally, the COD removal rate was 65.6 %, while the energy consumption was 40.1 %. Compared with two-dimensional BDD electrode degradation, the energy saving was 54 %. Density functional theory (DFT) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to analyse the SMX degradation mechanism. Three possible degradation pathways were proposed: ·OH substitution of the amino group in the aromatic ring, oxidation of the amino group to nitrogen dioxide, and addition of ·OH to the isoxazole ring. The active sites detected in the reaction corresponded closely with the calculated results using DFT. Moreover, ECOSAR toxicity analysis was applied to evaluate the toxicity of the intermediates produced during electrolysis. We discovered that the toxicity of SMX and its intermediates decreased significantly during electrolysis.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950648424001007Boron-doped diamondElectrocatalysisSulfamethoxazole degradation |
| spellingShingle | Longlong Wei Yizhou Yang Shengdi Luo Shaofan Wang Yangyang Wang Study on the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of sulfamethoxazole using three-dimensional boron-doped diamond Applied Catalysis O: Open Boron-doped diamond Electrocatalysis Sulfamethoxazole degradation |
| title | Study on the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of sulfamethoxazole using three-dimensional boron-doped diamond |
| title_full | Study on the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of sulfamethoxazole using three-dimensional boron-doped diamond |
| title_fullStr | Study on the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of sulfamethoxazole using three-dimensional boron-doped diamond |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study on the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of sulfamethoxazole using three-dimensional boron-doped diamond |
| title_short | Study on the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of sulfamethoxazole using three-dimensional boron-doped diamond |
| title_sort | study on the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of sulfamethoxazole using three dimensional boron doped diamond |
| topic | Boron-doped diamond Electrocatalysis Sulfamethoxazole degradation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950648424001007 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT longlongwei studyontheelectrochemicaloxidationmechanismofsulfamethoxazoleusingthreedimensionalborondopeddiamond AT yizhouyang studyontheelectrochemicaloxidationmechanismofsulfamethoxazoleusingthreedimensionalborondopeddiamond AT shengdiluo studyontheelectrochemicaloxidationmechanismofsulfamethoxazoleusingthreedimensionalborondopeddiamond AT shaofanwang studyontheelectrochemicaloxidationmechanismofsulfamethoxazoleusingthreedimensionalborondopeddiamond AT yangyangwang studyontheelectrochemicaloxidationmechanismofsulfamethoxazoleusingthreedimensionalborondopeddiamond |