Discovery and validation of CREB1 as a transcription target of icaritin: Implications for the treatment of depressive-like behavior

Depression is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent sadness and a lack of interest, significantly impacting the quality of life. Icaritin, a bioactive compound from Herba Epimedii, which has the antidepressant-like effects. However, the potential target of icaritin in the...

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Main Authors: Ling Gu, Lei Li, Huiying Xu, Yuyan Ling, Ruiting Ma, Meijuan Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-03-01
Series:Brain Research Bulletin
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0361923025000760
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author Ling Gu
Lei Li
Huiying Xu
Yuyan Ling
Ruiting Ma
Meijuan Chen
author_facet Ling Gu
Lei Li
Huiying Xu
Yuyan Ling
Ruiting Ma
Meijuan Chen
author_sort Ling Gu
collection DOAJ
description Depression is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent sadness and a lack of interest, significantly impacting the quality of life. Icaritin, a bioactive compound from Herba Epimedii, which has the antidepressant-like effects. However, the potential target of icaritin in the brain, especially concerning transcription factors, is not well understood. In this study, we demonstrated that icaritin significantly ameliorated depressive-like behaviors in a chronic corticosterone (CORT)-induced mouse model. This study aimed to investigate the role of icaritin in modulating the activity of cAMP-response element binding protein 1 (CREB1), a crucial transcription factor implicated in neuronal function and mood regulation. Through a combination of virtual screening and molecular docking, we identified CREB1 as a target by intersections of databases, leading to the selection of 43 candidate compounds, among which icaritin exhibited a favorable docking score and previously reported antidepressant effects. Biolayer interferometry (BLI) analysis confirmed the direct binding of icaritin to CREB1, with a dissociation constant (KD) of 7.02E-06 M. Further mutational analysis revealed that residues Q65 and Q229 of CREB1 were essential for the binding of icaritin. Additionally, Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) demonstrated that icaritin treatment upregulated the mRNA levels of CREB1 target genes in the hippocampus and cortex. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that CREB1 interacts with several neuroprotective pathways, reinforcing its potential significance in depression. In conclusion, our findings suggest that icaritin may represent a promising therapeutic candidate for depression by enhancing CREB1-mediated neuroprotection, warranting further investigation into its clinical applications and underlying mechanisms.
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spelling doaj-art-caeb0d1d3fbd4320ae800b63e903a7eb2025-08-20T03:15:17ZengElsevierBrain Research Bulletin1873-27472025-03-0122211126410.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111264Discovery and validation of CREB1 as a transcription target of icaritin: Implications for the treatment of depressive-like behaviorLing Gu0Lei Li1Huiying Xu2Yuyan Ling3Ruiting Ma4Meijuan Chen5College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR ChinaSchool of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR ChinaSchool of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR ChinaSchool of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR ChinaMedical Laboratory Department, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Mental Health Center, Hohhot 010010, PR ChinaSchool of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Corresponding author.Depression is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent sadness and a lack of interest, significantly impacting the quality of life. Icaritin, a bioactive compound from Herba Epimedii, which has the antidepressant-like effects. However, the potential target of icaritin in the brain, especially concerning transcription factors, is not well understood. In this study, we demonstrated that icaritin significantly ameliorated depressive-like behaviors in a chronic corticosterone (CORT)-induced mouse model. This study aimed to investigate the role of icaritin in modulating the activity of cAMP-response element binding protein 1 (CREB1), a crucial transcription factor implicated in neuronal function and mood regulation. Through a combination of virtual screening and molecular docking, we identified CREB1 as a target by intersections of databases, leading to the selection of 43 candidate compounds, among which icaritin exhibited a favorable docking score and previously reported antidepressant effects. Biolayer interferometry (BLI) analysis confirmed the direct binding of icaritin to CREB1, with a dissociation constant (KD) of 7.02E-06 M. Further mutational analysis revealed that residues Q65 and Q229 of CREB1 were essential for the binding of icaritin. Additionally, Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) demonstrated that icaritin treatment upregulated the mRNA levels of CREB1 target genes in the hippocampus and cortex. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that CREB1 interacts with several neuroprotective pathways, reinforcing its potential significance in depression. In conclusion, our findings suggest that icaritin may represent a promising therapeutic candidate for depression by enhancing CREB1-mediated neuroprotection, warranting further investigation into its clinical applications and underlying mechanisms.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0361923025000760Transcription factorCREB1IcaritinDepressionTarget
spellingShingle Ling Gu
Lei Li
Huiying Xu
Yuyan Ling
Ruiting Ma
Meijuan Chen
Discovery and validation of CREB1 as a transcription target of icaritin: Implications for the treatment of depressive-like behavior
Brain Research Bulletin
Transcription factor
CREB1
Icaritin
Depression
Target
title Discovery and validation of CREB1 as a transcription target of icaritin: Implications for the treatment of depressive-like behavior
title_full Discovery and validation of CREB1 as a transcription target of icaritin: Implications for the treatment of depressive-like behavior
title_fullStr Discovery and validation of CREB1 as a transcription target of icaritin: Implications for the treatment of depressive-like behavior
title_full_unstemmed Discovery and validation of CREB1 as a transcription target of icaritin: Implications for the treatment of depressive-like behavior
title_short Discovery and validation of CREB1 as a transcription target of icaritin: Implications for the treatment of depressive-like behavior
title_sort discovery and validation of creb1 as a transcription target of icaritin implications for the treatment of depressive like behavior
topic Transcription factor
CREB1
Icaritin
Depression
Target
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0361923025000760
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