Association of anaesthesia type with one-year mortality after surgery in elderly patients: a secondary retrospective cohort study

Abstract Objective To examine whether regional anaesthesia (RA) versus general anaesthesia (GA) is associated with the one-year postoperative mortality among the older surgical patients. Methods We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study from 2012 to 2016. Patients aged 70 years or olde...

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Main Authors: Ping Jin, Fengjiao Lu, Rongzhi Zhang, Panpan Lü, Shixiong Gao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Anesthesiology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-025-03191-y
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author Ping Jin
Fengjiao Lu
Rongzhi Zhang
Panpan Lü
Shixiong Gao
author_facet Ping Jin
Fengjiao Lu
Rongzhi Zhang
Panpan Lü
Shixiong Gao
author_sort Ping Jin
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objective To examine whether regional anaesthesia (RA) versus general anaesthesia (GA) is associated with the one-year postoperative mortality among the older surgical patients. Methods We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study from 2012 to 2016. Patients aged 70 years or older who underwent surgery were included, and those who underwent transplantation, burn surgery, or minor procedures were excluded. The primary exposure was anaesthesia type (RA vs. GA); the main outcome was one-year all-cause mortality, which was verified through hospital records and a national registry. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were included as covariates. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to evaluate the independent effect of anaesthesia methods on one-year mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves assessed survival rates by anaesthesia method, with log-rank tests comparing the curves. Main results Among 16,599 older adults, 29.7% received RA. The one-year mortality rate was lower in the RA group (6.44%) than in the GA group (9.52%), yielding an adjusted odds ratio of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.63–0.82). K‒M analyses revealed improved survival in the RA group (log-rank P < 0.05). Propensity score matching and inverse probability weighting analyses corroborated these findings. The E-value of 2.12 demonstrates the robustness of the results against unmeasured confounding. Conclusions Regional anaesthesia may be linked to better one-year survival in older patients. Although other confounding factors cannot be excluded, these findings underscore the need for multicenter, prospective investigations to inform perioperative decisions in geriatric populations.
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spelling doaj-art-cad00e9b729b45d8bdd91cdb9169f61e2025-08-20T03:45:36ZengBMCBMC Anesthesiology1471-22532025-07-0125111010.1186/s12871-025-03191-yAssociation of anaesthesia type with one-year mortality after surgery in elderly patients: a secondary retrospective cohort studyPing Jin0Fengjiao Lu1Rongzhi Zhang2Panpan Lü3Shixiong Gao4Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology and Surgery, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology and Surgery, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, The First People’s Hospital of TianshuiDepartment of Anesthesiology and Surgery, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou UniversityAbstract Objective To examine whether regional anaesthesia (RA) versus general anaesthesia (GA) is associated with the one-year postoperative mortality among the older surgical patients. Methods We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study from 2012 to 2016. Patients aged 70 years or older who underwent surgery were included, and those who underwent transplantation, burn surgery, or minor procedures were excluded. The primary exposure was anaesthesia type (RA vs. GA); the main outcome was one-year all-cause mortality, which was verified through hospital records and a national registry. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were included as covariates. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to evaluate the independent effect of anaesthesia methods on one-year mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves assessed survival rates by anaesthesia method, with log-rank tests comparing the curves. Main results Among 16,599 older adults, 29.7% received RA. The one-year mortality rate was lower in the RA group (6.44%) than in the GA group (9.52%), yielding an adjusted odds ratio of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.63–0.82). K‒M analyses revealed improved survival in the RA group (log-rank P < 0.05). Propensity score matching and inverse probability weighting analyses corroborated these findings. The E-value of 2.12 demonstrates the robustness of the results against unmeasured confounding. Conclusions Regional anaesthesia may be linked to better one-year survival in older patients. Although other confounding factors cannot be excluded, these findings underscore the need for multicenter, prospective investigations to inform perioperative decisions in geriatric populations.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-025-03191-yRegional anaesthesiaGeneral anaesthesiaOne-year mortalityElderly populationRetrospective cohort study
spellingShingle Ping Jin
Fengjiao Lu
Rongzhi Zhang
Panpan Lü
Shixiong Gao
Association of anaesthesia type with one-year mortality after surgery in elderly patients: a secondary retrospective cohort study
BMC Anesthesiology
Regional anaesthesia
General anaesthesia
One-year mortality
Elderly population
Retrospective cohort study
title Association of anaesthesia type with one-year mortality after surgery in elderly patients: a secondary retrospective cohort study
title_full Association of anaesthesia type with one-year mortality after surgery in elderly patients: a secondary retrospective cohort study
title_fullStr Association of anaesthesia type with one-year mortality after surgery in elderly patients: a secondary retrospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Association of anaesthesia type with one-year mortality after surgery in elderly patients: a secondary retrospective cohort study
title_short Association of anaesthesia type with one-year mortality after surgery in elderly patients: a secondary retrospective cohort study
title_sort association of anaesthesia type with one year mortality after surgery in elderly patients a secondary retrospective cohort study
topic Regional anaesthesia
General anaesthesia
One-year mortality
Elderly population
Retrospective cohort study
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-025-03191-y
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