Eliminating lead-exposure in nebulization therapy by lead-free piezoelectric

Eliminating lead-exposure in nebulization therapy by lead-free piezoelectric

Abstract Present main-stream medical ultrasonic nebulizers contain Pb(Zr,Ti)O3-based piezoceramics, which could expose the patients to toxic lead when the acidic liquid medicine, compounded with ultrasonic vibration, corrodes the piezoceramics. Enormous amount of lead ions up to 150 ppm can be extra...

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Main Authors: Fang-Zhou Yao, Wenying Fan, Yunfan Zhang, Bing Han, Zimin Feng, Binjie Chen, Zhongshang Dou, Jia Jiang, Ziyun Li, Haihan Gao, Chaofeng Wu, Naixin Liang, Yan Wei, Ke Wang, Xin Ma, Wen Gong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61993-7
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