Evolution of cooperation in social dilemma games with continuous opinions based on the HK model

Abstract In real life, individuals hold diverse opinions on various issues, which influence their behavior and gradually shape their behavioral norms over time, thereby impacting group behavior. To explore how group behavior evolves under the influence of individual opinions, we introduce continuous...

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Main Authors: Ji Quan, Leyao Tao, Tianyu Ren
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-05-01
Series:Management System Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s44176-025-00041-6
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author Ji Quan
Leyao Tao
Tianyu Ren
author_facet Ji Quan
Leyao Tao
Tianyu Ren
author_sort Ji Quan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract In real life, individuals hold diverse opinions on various issues, which influence their behavior and gradually shape their behavioral norms over time, thereby impacting group behavior. To explore how group behavior evolves under the influence of individual opinions, we introduce continuous opinions representing cooperation willingness into three social dilemma games. The Hegselmann-Krause (HK) model, which accounts for payoffs, is used for opinion updating to examine the effects of bounded confidence and the payoff enhancement factor on group cooperation. Numerical simulation results indicate that relatively small bounded confidence positively facilitates opinion convergence and group cooperative behavior, although the extent of facilitation varies slightly across the three different game models. It is only when the bounded confidence is relatively large that changes in the payoff enhancement factor have a significant impact on group cooperation. At this stage, a larger payoff enhancement factor fosters group cooperation in the stag hunt game, while its effects on the other two models are relatively modest.
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series Management System Engineering
spelling doaj-art-ca3763f7b8a942d985dd3d0acadf1fd02025-08-20T02:55:29ZengSpringerManagement System Engineering2731-58432025-05-014111410.1007/s44176-025-00041-6Evolution of cooperation in social dilemma games with continuous opinions based on the HK modelJi Quan0Leyao Tao1Tianyu Ren2School of Management, Wuhan University of TechnologySchool of Management, Wuhan University of TechnologyDepartment of Computer Science, The University of ManchesterAbstract In real life, individuals hold diverse opinions on various issues, which influence their behavior and gradually shape their behavioral norms over time, thereby impacting group behavior. To explore how group behavior evolves under the influence of individual opinions, we introduce continuous opinions representing cooperation willingness into three social dilemma games. The Hegselmann-Krause (HK) model, which accounts for payoffs, is used for opinion updating to examine the effects of bounded confidence and the payoff enhancement factor on group cooperation. Numerical simulation results indicate that relatively small bounded confidence positively facilitates opinion convergence and group cooperative behavior, although the extent of facilitation varies slightly across the three different game models. It is only when the bounded confidence is relatively large that changes in the payoff enhancement factor have a significant impact on group cooperation. At this stage, a larger payoff enhancement factor fosters group cooperation in the stag hunt game, while its effects on the other two models are relatively modest.https://doi.org/10.1007/s44176-025-00041-6Social dilemma gameContinuous opinionHK modelCooperation
spellingShingle Ji Quan
Leyao Tao
Tianyu Ren
Evolution of cooperation in social dilemma games with continuous opinions based on the HK model
Management System Engineering
Social dilemma game
Continuous opinion
HK model
Cooperation
title Evolution of cooperation in social dilemma games with continuous opinions based on the HK model
title_full Evolution of cooperation in social dilemma games with continuous opinions based on the HK model
title_fullStr Evolution of cooperation in social dilemma games with continuous opinions based on the HK model
title_full_unstemmed Evolution of cooperation in social dilemma games with continuous opinions based on the HK model
title_short Evolution of cooperation in social dilemma games with continuous opinions based on the HK model
title_sort evolution of cooperation in social dilemma games with continuous opinions based on the hk model
topic Social dilemma game
Continuous opinion
HK model
Cooperation
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s44176-025-00041-6
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AT leyaotao evolutionofcooperationinsocialdilemmagameswithcontinuousopinionsbasedonthehkmodel
AT tianyuren evolutionofcooperationinsocialdilemmagameswithcontinuousopinionsbasedonthehkmodel