Effects of straw returning and nitrogen fertilizer management on soil nitrogen supply and yield of direct seeding rice under wheat (rape)-rice rotation
The positioning test was carried out in the Chongzhou Experimental Base of Sichuan Agricultural University in 2018—2019, aiming at exploring the effects of straw returning and nitrogen (N) fertilizer management on soil N supply and yield of direct seeding rice under the wheat (rape)-rice rotation. T...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Zhejiang University Press
2022-02-01
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| Series: | 浙江大学学报. 农业与生命科学版 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.academax.com/doi/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2021.03.083 |
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| Summary: | The positioning test was carried out in the Chongzhou Experimental Base of Sichuan Agricultural University in 2018—2019, aiming at exploring the effects of straw returning and nitrogen (N) fertilizer management on soil N supply and yield of direct seeding rice under the wheat (rape)-rice rotation. The two-factor split-zone design was adopted. The main area was wheat/rape straw being turned over to field (M<sub>1</sub>) and straw being not returned to field (control, M<sub>0</sub>). In the sub-area, on the basis of 150 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> of N application, there were three kinds of N fertilizer operation, including N fertilizer moving forward (N<sub>1</sub>), balanced N application (N<sub>2</sub>) and N fertilizer moving backward (N<sub>3</sub>), with no N fertilizer application as a control (N<sub>0</sub>). Then, the contents of soil ammonium-N, nitrate-N and total N, N accumulation and yield of direct seeding rice were determined. The results showed that the N accumulation of rice plant increased by 7.13% (8.50%) and the yield increased by 0.94% (1.43%) in 2018, and which increased to 15.17% (17.12%) and 6.60% (7.42%) in 2019 under the wheat (rape)-rice rotation at the maturing stage compared with those without straw returning. At the jointing stage in 2018, N accumulation amounts of direct seeding rice in the wheat (rape) stubble field were N<sub>1</sub>＞N<sub>2</sub>＞N<sub>3</sub> treatments as a whole. At the full heading stage and maturing stage, N accumulation amounts and yields of rice plants were N<sub>3</sub>＞N<sub>2</sub>＞N<sub>1</sub> treatments under the no straw returning, as well as N<sub>2</sub>＞N<sub>3</sub>＞N<sub>1</sub> treatments under the straw returning. Compared with the no straw returning, the ammonium-N contents in 0-10 and ＞10-20 cm soil layers at the rice maturing stage under the wheat (rape)-rice rotation increased or decreased after straw returning. While the nitrate-N contents decreased by 44.22% (30.99%) and 8.05% (20.09%) overall. Soil total N contents had little change in each growth stage of direct seeding rice, and the contents of nitrate-N, ammonium-N and total N in the soils under the N<sub>1</sub> treatment remained at a high level in each growth stage. In conclusion, continuous straw returning is beneficial to increase soil total N content; under the wheat (rape)-rice rotation, the balanced N application could effectively promote the N uptake by rice plants and significantly increase the rice yield, and the effect of increasing yield is better under the rape-rice rotation. |
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| ISSN: | 1008-9209 2097-5155 |