Effect of P Reduction on <i>phoD</i>-Harboring Bacteria Community in Solar Greenhouse Soil
Phosphorus (P) enrichment frequently occurs in the soil used in greenhouse vegetable production (GVP). Minimizing the application of P fertilizer represents a crucial approach to mitigating the accumulation of P in the soil and enhancing its utilization efficiency. However, the changes in bacterial...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-10-01
|
| Series: | Agriculture |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/11/1919 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Summary: | Phosphorus (P) enrichment frequently occurs in the soil used in greenhouse vegetable production (GVP). Minimizing the application of P fertilizer represents a crucial approach to mitigating the accumulation of P in the soil and enhancing its utilization efficiency. However, the changes in bacterial communities and the turnover mechanism of soil P fractions related to soil P cycling after P fertilizer reduction are still unclear. To unravel these complexities, we devised three experimental treatments: conventional nitrogen (N), P, and potassium (K) fertilizer (N1P1K1); conventional N and K fertilizer without P (N1P0K1); and no fertilizer (N0P0K0). These experiments were conducted to elucidate the effects of P reduction on cucumber plant growth, soil P fractions, and the <i>phoD</i>-harboring bacterial community in the P-rich greenhouse soil. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the N1P1K1 and N1P0K1 treatments in terms of plant growth, yield, and P uptake, and the values for the N0P0K0 treatment were significantly lower than those for the N1P1K1 treatment. In a state of P depletion (N0P0K0, N1P0K1), the main P sources were Resin-P<sub>i</sub>, NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-P<sub>i</sub>, NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-P<sub>o</sub>, and NaOH-P<sub>i</sub>. The contents of NaOH-P<sub>o</sub> and CHCl-P<sub>o</sub> in the N1P0K1 treatment increased significantly. Without P fertilizer, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, <i>phoD</i> gene abundance, and bacterial community diversity were significantly increased. The abundance of <i>Ensifer</i> in the N0P0K0 and N1P0K1 treatments was 8 and 10.58 times that in the N1P1K1 treatment, respectively. Additionally, total phosphorus (TP) and available nitrogen (AN) were key factors affecting changes in the <i>phoD</i> bacterial community, while <i>Shinella</i>, <i>Ensifer</i> and <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> were the main factors driving the change in soil P fractions, and NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-P<sub>i</sub> and NaOH-P<sub>i</sub> were key factors affecting crop yield. Therefore, reducing the application of P fertilizer will increases the diversity of <i>phoD</i>-gene-harboring bacterial communities and promote organic P mineralization, thus maintaining the optimal crop yield. |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 2077-0472 |