Effects of Invariant NKT Cells on Parasite Infections and Hygiene Hypothesis
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are unique subset of innate-like T cells recognizing glycolipids. iNKT cells can rapidly produce copious amounts of cytokines upon antigen stimulation and exert potent immunomodulatory activities for a wide variety of immune responses and diseases. We have rev...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2395645 |
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| author | Jun-Qi Yang Yonghua Zhou Ram Raj Singh |
| author_facet | Jun-Qi Yang Yonghua Zhou Ram Raj Singh |
| author_sort | Jun-Qi Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are unique subset of innate-like T cells recognizing glycolipids. iNKT cells can rapidly produce copious amounts of cytokines upon antigen stimulation and exert potent immunomodulatory activities for a wide variety of immune responses and diseases. We have revealed the regulatory effect of iNKT cells on autoimmunity with a serial of publications. On the other hand, the role of iNKT cells in parasitic infections, especially in recently attractive topic “hygiene hypothesis,” has not been clearly defined yet. Bacterial and parasitic cell wall is a cellular structure highly enriched in a variety of glycolipids and lipoproteins, some of which may serve as natural ligands of iNKT cells. In this review, we mainly summarized the recent findings on the roles and underlying mechanisms of iNKT cells in parasite infections and their cross-talk with Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg, and innate lymphoid cells. In most cases, iNKT cells exert regulatory or direct cytotoxic roles to protect hosts against parasite infections. We put particular emphasis as well on the identification of the natural ligands from parasites and the involvement of iNKT cells in the hygiene hypothesis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c9cc46c49ee643c4bcb2d711f2d9922c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-c9cc46c49ee643c4bcb2d711f2d9922c2025-02-03T01:00:36ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562016-01-01201610.1155/2016/23956452395645Effects of Invariant NKT Cells on Parasite Infections and Hygiene HypothesisJun-Qi Yang0Yonghua Zhou1Ram Raj Singh2Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, ChinaKey Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, ChinaAutoimmunity and Tolerance Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USAInvariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are unique subset of innate-like T cells recognizing glycolipids. iNKT cells can rapidly produce copious amounts of cytokines upon antigen stimulation and exert potent immunomodulatory activities for a wide variety of immune responses and diseases. We have revealed the regulatory effect of iNKT cells on autoimmunity with a serial of publications. On the other hand, the role of iNKT cells in parasitic infections, especially in recently attractive topic “hygiene hypothesis,” has not been clearly defined yet. Bacterial and parasitic cell wall is a cellular structure highly enriched in a variety of glycolipids and lipoproteins, some of which may serve as natural ligands of iNKT cells. In this review, we mainly summarized the recent findings on the roles and underlying mechanisms of iNKT cells in parasite infections and their cross-talk with Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg, and innate lymphoid cells. In most cases, iNKT cells exert regulatory or direct cytotoxic roles to protect hosts against parasite infections. We put particular emphasis as well on the identification of the natural ligands from parasites and the involvement of iNKT cells in the hygiene hypothesis.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2395645 |
| spellingShingle | Jun-Qi Yang Yonghua Zhou Ram Raj Singh Effects of Invariant NKT Cells on Parasite Infections and Hygiene Hypothesis Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Effects of Invariant NKT Cells on Parasite Infections and Hygiene Hypothesis |
| title_full | Effects of Invariant NKT Cells on Parasite Infections and Hygiene Hypothesis |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Invariant NKT Cells on Parasite Infections and Hygiene Hypothesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Invariant NKT Cells on Parasite Infections and Hygiene Hypothesis |
| title_short | Effects of Invariant NKT Cells on Parasite Infections and Hygiene Hypothesis |
| title_sort | effects of invariant nkt cells on parasite infections and hygiene hypothesis |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2395645 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT junqiyang effectsofinvariantnktcellsonparasiteinfectionsandhygienehypothesis AT yonghuazhou effectsofinvariantnktcellsonparasiteinfectionsandhygienehypothesis AT ramrajsingh effectsofinvariantnktcellsonparasiteinfectionsandhygienehypothesis |