Characteristics of the initial dengue outbreaks in a region without dengue prior to mid-2009 in a dengue-endemic country

Introduction: The present study evaluated the characteristics of the initial dengue outbreaks in the Jaffna peninsula, a region without dengue prior to mid-2009 in dengue-endemic Sri Lanka, a tropical island nation. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted using a total of 765 dengu...

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Main Authors: Kalamathy Murugananthan, Dinesh Coonghe, Thirunawukarasu Kumanan, Arumugam Murugananthan, Gowri Selvaratnam, Sivapalan Sivansuthan, Gitanjali Sathiadas, Natkunam Ketheesan, Faizal A Careem, Faseeha Noordeen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2023-02-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15493
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author Kalamathy Murugananthan
Dinesh Coonghe
Thirunawukarasu Kumanan
Arumugam Murugananthan
Gowri Selvaratnam
Sivapalan Sivansuthan
Gitanjali Sathiadas
Natkunam Ketheesan
Faizal A Careem
Faseeha Noordeen
author_facet Kalamathy Murugananthan
Dinesh Coonghe
Thirunawukarasu Kumanan
Arumugam Murugananthan
Gowri Selvaratnam
Sivapalan Sivansuthan
Gitanjali Sathiadas
Natkunam Ketheesan
Faizal A Careem
Faseeha Noordeen
author_sort Kalamathy Murugananthan
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: The present study evaluated the characteristics of the initial dengue outbreaks in the Jaffna peninsula, a region without dengue prior to mid-2009 in dengue-endemic Sri Lanka, a tropical island nation. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted using a total of 765 dengue patients’ clinical data and samples collected from the Teaching Hospital, Jaffna during the initial dengue outbreaks. Clinical, non-specific, and specific virological laboratory characteristics including the platelet count, NS1 antigen, and anti-DENV IgM/IgG were evaluated as correlates of dengue virus (DENV) infection in the two initial outbreaks of 2009/2010 and 2011/2012 in Northern Sri Lanka. Results: Firstly, affected age and clinical characteristics were significantly different between the outbreaks (p < 0.005). Secondly, NS1 antigen detection in patients with fever days < 5 was statistically significant (p < 0.005). Thirdly, platelet count, detection of NS1 antigen, and anti-DENV IgM/IgG profiles were adequate to diagnose 90% of the patients; hepatomegaly and platelet count of < 25,000/mm3 were identified as predictors of severe disease. Fourthly, secondary DENV infections were detected in the early stages of the illness in many patients. Finally, infecting DENV serotypes were different between the two outbreaks. Conclusions: Clinical and non-specific laboratory characteristics and the infecting DENV serotypes between the two initial outbreaks in Northern Sri Lanka were significantly different. NS1 antigen, anti-DENV IgM/IgG, and platelet counts were identified 90% of the dengue patients. Hepatomegaly and platelet count of < 25,000/mm3 were able to predict the disease severity in this study.
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publisher The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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spelling doaj-art-c9928cdd518a4e4db0da968e91be7bfe2025-08-20T03:52:42ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802023-02-01170210.3855/jidc.15493Characteristics of the initial dengue outbreaks in a region without dengue prior to mid-2009 in a dengue-endemic countryKalamathy Murugananthan0Dinesh Coonghe1Thirunawukarasu Kumanan2Arumugam Murugananthan3Gowri Selvaratnam4Sivapalan Sivansuthan5Gitanjali Sathiadas6Natkunam Ketheesan7Faizal A Careem8Faseeha Noordeen9Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri LankaDepartment of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri LankaDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri Lanka Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri LankaDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri Lanka Teaching Hospital, Jaffna, Sri LankaDepartment of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri LankaScience and Technology, University of New England, Armadale, AustraliaDepartment of Ecosystem and Public Health, University of Calgary, Alberta, CanadaDiagnostic and Research Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka Introduction: The present study evaluated the characteristics of the initial dengue outbreaks in the Jaffna peninsula, a region without dengue prior to mid-2009 in dengue-endemic Sri Lanka, a tropical island nation. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted using a total of 765 dengue patients’ clinical data and samples collected from the Teaching Hospital, Jaffna during the initial dengue outbreaks. Clinical, non-specific, and specific virological laboratory characteristics including the platelet count, NS1 antigen, and anti-DENV IgM/IgG were evaluated as correlates of dengue virus (DENV) infection in the two initial outbreaks of 2009/2010 and 2011/2012 in Northern Sri Lanka. Results: Firstly, affected age and clinical characteristics were significantly different between the outbreaks (p < 0.005). Secondly, NS1 antigen detection in patients with fever days < 5 was statistically significant (p < 0.005). Thirdly, platelet count, detection of NS1 antigen, and anti-DENV IgM/IgG profiles were adequate to diagnose 90% of the patients; hepatomegaly and platelet count of < 25,000/mm3 were identified as predictors of severe disease. Fourthly, secondary DENV infections were detected in the early stages of the illness in many patients. Finally, infecting DENV serotypes were different between the two outbreaks. Conclusions: Clinical and non-specific laboratory characteristics and the infecting DENV serotypes between the two initial outbreaks in Northern Sri Lanka were significantly different. NS1 antigen, anti-DENV IgM/IgG, and platelet counts were identified 90% of the dengue patients. Hepatomegaly and platelet count of < 25,000/mm3 were able to predict the disease severity in this study. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15493Dengueinitial outbreaksclinicallaboratoryvirological characteristics
spellingShingle Kalamathy Murugananthan
Dinesh Coonghe
Thirunawukarasu Kumanan
Arumugam Murugananthan
Gowri Selvaratnam
Sivapalan Sivansuthan
Gitanjali Sathiadas
Natkunam Ketheesan
Faizal A Careem
Faseeha Noordeen
Characteristics of the initial dengue outbreaks in a region without dengue prior to mid-2009 in a dengue-endemic country
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Dengue
initial outbreaks
clinical
laboratory
virological characteristics
title Characteristics of the initial dengue outbreaks in a region without dengue prior to mid-2009 in a dengue-endemic country
title_full Characteristics of the initial dengue outbreaks in a region without dengue prior to mid-2009 in a dengue-endemic country
title_fullStr Characteristics of the initial dengue outbreaks in a region without dengue prior to mid-2009 in a dengue-endemic country
title_full_unstemmed Characteristics of the initial dengue outbreaks in a region without dengue prior to mid-2009 in a dengue-endemic country
title_short Characteristics of the initial dengue outbreaks in a region without dengue prior to mid-2009 in a dengue-endemic country
title_sort characteristics of the initial dengue outbreaks in a region without dengue prior to mid 2009 in a dengue endemic country
topic Dengue
initial outbreaks
clinical
laboratory
virological characteristics
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15493
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