Dengue Vaccine Development and Deployment into Routine Immunization
Dengue has emerged as a significant global health threat. Despite decades of research, only two dengue vaccines—CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia) and TAK-003 (Qdenga)—have been licensed to date, with limited implementation. This paper explores and outlines strategies for integrating dengue vaccines into routine i...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/5/483 |
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| author | Annelies Wilder-Smith Thomas Cherian Joachim Hombach |
| author_facet | Annelies Wilder-Smith Thomas Cherian Joachim Hombach |
| author_sort | Annelies Wilder-Smith |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dengue has emerged as a significant global health threat. Despite decades of research, only two dengue vaccines—CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia) and TAK-003 (Qdenga)—have been licensed to date, with limited implementation. This paper explores and outlines strategies for integrating dengue vaccines into routine immunization programs, particularly in high-burden regions. TAK-003, a tetravalent live-attenuated vaccine, has demonstrated 61% efficacy against virologically confirmed dengue and 84% efficacy against hospitalizations in endemic settings. However, concerns remain about vaccine-enhanced disease, particularly among seronegative individuals exposed to DENV3 and DENV4. WHO recommends targeted introduction in high-transmission settings without pre-vaccination screening, while ongoing post-introduction studies will further clarify long-term safety and efficacy. Effective vaccine rollout requires a multi-pronged approach, including school-based immunization, integration with adolescent health services, and strong community engagement. Decision-making for vaccine introduction should be guided by National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs), local epidemiological data, and cost-effectiveness assessments. While future vaccines, including mRNA and virus-like particle candidates, are under development, optimizing the use of currently available vaccines is crucial to reducing dengue’s public health impact. Given the continued rise in cases, immediate action—combining vaccination with vector control—is essential to prevent further morbidity and mortality. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c97ce4d674fd41dd9130581d4914c49c |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj-art-c97ce4d674fd41dd9130581d4914c49c2025-08-20T03:12:14ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2025-04-0113548310.3390/vaccines13050483Dengue Vaccine Development and Deployment into Routine ImmunizationAnnelies Wilder-Smith0Thomas Cherian1Joachim Hombach2World Health Organization, CH-1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandWorld Health Organization, CH-1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandWorld Health Organization, CH-1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandDengue has emerged as a significant global health threat. Despite decades of research, only two dengue vaccines—CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia) and TAK-003 (Qdenga)—have been licensed to date, with limited implementation. This paper explores and outlines strategies for integrating dengue vaccines into routine immunization programs, particularly in high-burden regions. TAK-003, a tetravalent live-attenuated vaccine, has demonstrated 61% efficacy against virologically confirmed dengue and 84% efficacy against hospitalizations in endemic settings. However, concerns remain about vaccine-enhanced disease, particularly among seronegative individuals exposed to DENV3 and DENV4. WHO recommends targeted introduction in high-transmission settings without pre-vaccination screening, while ongoing post-introduction studies will further clarify long-term safety and efficacy. Effective vaccine rollout requires a multi-pronged approach, including school-based immunization, integration with adolescent health services, and strong community engagement. Decision-making for vaccine introduction should be guided by National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs), local epidemiological data, and cost-effectiveness assessments. While future vaccines, including mRNA and virus-like particle candidates, are under development, optimizing the use of currently available vaccines is crucial to reducing dengue’s public health impact. Given the continued rise in cases, immediate action—combining vaccination with vector control—is essential to prevent further morbidity and mortality.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/5/483dengueQdengaCYD-TDVTAK-003Wolbachiaantibody-dependent enhancement |
| spellingShingle | Annelies Wilder-Smith Thomas Cherian Joachim Hombach Dengue Vaccine Development and Deployment into Routine Immunization Vaccines dengue Qdenga CYD-TDV TAK-003 Wolbachia antibody-dependent enhancement |
| title | Dengue Vaccine Development and Deployment into Routine Immunization |
| title_full | Dengue Vaccine Development and Deployment into Routine Immunization |
| title_fullStr | Dengue Vaccine Development and Deployment into Routine Immunization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dengue Vaccine Development and Deployment into Routine Immunization |
| title_short | Dengue Vaccine Development and Deployment into Routine Immunization |
| title_sort | dengue vaccine development and deployment into routine immunization |
| topic | dengue Qdenga CYD-TDV TAK-003 Wolbachia antibody-dependent enhancement |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/5/483 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT annelieswildersmith denguevaccinedevelopmentanddeploymentintoroutineimmunization AT thomascherian denguevaccinedevelopmentanddeploymentintoroutineimmunization AT joachimhombach denguevaccinedevelopmentanddeploymentintoroutineimmunization |