Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Hyperglycemic Hormone and Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3 Are Involved in the Thermal Adaptation of <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i>
Temperature is one of the critical factors influencing the survival, growth, and reproduction of organisms. The molting and developmental mechanisms of crustaceans are highly sensitive to temperature, yet the regulatory mechanisms underlying their thermal adaptation remain unclear. In this work, tra...
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2025-07-01
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| author | Xi Li Runlin Zhou Ruiqi Zhang Zhen He Mingzhi Zhang Ran Li Tong Hao Jinsheng Sun |
| author_facet | Xi Li Runlin Zhou Ruiqi Zhang Zhen He Mingzhi Zhang Ran Li Tong Hao Jinsheng Sun |
| author_sort | Xi Li |
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| description | Temperature is one of the critical factors influencing the survival, growth, and reproduction of organisms. The molting and developmental mechanisms of crustaceans are highly sensitive to temperature, yet the regulatory mechanisms underlying their thermal adaptation remain unclear. In this work, transcriptome sequencing was performed to analyze the gene expression profiles of <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i> under normal temperature (22 °C) and high-temperature (27 °C and 32 °C) conditions. A total of 377 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 149 up-regulated and 227 down-regulated genes. Through Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these DEGs, 11 significantly temperature-regulated signaling pathways were identified, including the estrogen and androgen receptor signaling pathways, and two neurotransmission signaling pathways. These findings suggest that temperature may influence sex regulation in <i>E. sinensis</i>, while the dopamine receptor and neuropeptide signaling pathways may play a role in its thermal adaptation. Further validation via RT-qPCR of DEGs involved in neurotransmission signaling pathways revealed that crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (<i>CHH</i>) and excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (<i>EAA3</i>) genes are likely involved in the thermal adaptation of <i>E. sinensis</i>. In addition, the hemolymph glucose levels associated with the elevated temperatures were detected and consistent variations between glucose levels and <i>CHH</i> expressions were found. This indicates that the eyestalk <i>CHH</i> is strongly correlated with the hemolymph glucose levels and likely mediates the response to temperature changes by regulating blood glucose in <i>E. sinensis</i>. The results of this study not only provide key molecular targets for elucidating the mechanisms by which temperature affects molting and development in <i>E. sinensis</i>, but also establish a theoretical foundation for further research into thermal adaptation strategies in crustaceans. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-c97842e92d0344038890a7941432e6f22025-08-20T03:58:26ZengMDPI AGFishes2410-38882025-07-0110736110.3390/fishes10070361Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Hyperglycemic Hormone and Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3 Are Involved in the Thermal Adaptation of <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i>Xi Li0Runlin Zhou1Ruiqi Zhang2Zhen He3Mingzhi Zhang4Ran Li5Tong Hao6Jinsheng Sun7Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, ChinaTemperature is one of the critical factors influencing the survival, growth, and reproduction of organisms. The molting and developmental mechanisms of crustaceans are highly sensitive to temperature, yet the regulatory mechanisms underlying their thermal adaptation remain unclear. In this work, transcriptome sequencing was performed to analyze the gene expression profiles of <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i> under normal temperature (22 °C) and high-temperature (27 °C and 32 °C) conditions. A total of 377 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 149 up-regulated and 227 down-regulated genes. Through Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these DEGs, 11 significantly temperature-regulated signaling pathways were identified, including the estrogen and androgen receptor signaling pathways, and two neurotransmission signaling pathways. These findings suggest that temperature may influence sex regulation in <i>E. sinensis</i>, while the dopamine receptor and neuropeptide signaling pathways may play a role in its thermal adaptation. Further validation via RT-qPCR of DEGs involved in neurotransmission signaling pathways revealed that crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (<i>CHH</i>) and excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (<i>EAA3</i>) genes are likely involved in the thermal adaptation of <i>E. sinensis</i>. In addition, the hemolymph glucose levels associated with the elevated temperatures were detected and consistent variations between glucose levels and <i>CHH</i> expressions were found. This indicates that the eyestalk <i>CHH</i> is strongly correlated with the hemolymph glucose levels and likely mediates the response to temperature changes by regulating blood glucose in <i>E. sinensis</i>. The results of this study not only provide key molecular targets for elucidating the mechanisms by which temperature affects molting and development in <i>E. sinensis</i>, but also establish a theoretical foundation for further research into thermal adaptation strategies in crustaceans.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/7/361<i>Eriocheir sinensis</i>temperature adaptationsignaling pathwayneurotransmissionhemolymph glucose |
| spellingShingle | Xi Li Runlin Zhou Ruiqi Zhang Zhen He Mingzhi Zhang Ran Li Tong Hao Jinsheng Sun Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Hyperglycemic Hormone and Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3 Are Involved in the Thermal Adaptation of <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i> Fishes <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i> temperature adaptation signaling pathway neurotransmission hemolymph glucose |
| title | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Hyperglycemic Hormone and Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3 Are Involved in the Thermal Adaptation of <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i> |
| title_full | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Hyperglycemic Hormone and Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3 Are Involved in the Thermal Adaptation of <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i> |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Hyperglycemic Hormone and Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3 Are Involved in the Thermal Adaptation of <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Hyperglycemic Hormone and Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3 Are Involved in the Thermal Adaptation of <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i> |
| title_short | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Hyperglycemic Hormone and Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3 Are Involved in the Thermal Adaptation of <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i> |
| title_sort | transcriptome analysis reveals hyperglycemic hormone and excitatory amino acid transporter 3 are involved in the thermal adaptation of i eriocheir sinensis i |
| topic | <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i> temperature adaptation signaling pathway neurotransmission hemolymph glucose |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/7/361 |
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