Reference Standards for Stretched Penile Length in Indian Boys
Introduction: Stretched penile length (SPL) is a vital anthropometric measurement for providing diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic information. SPL variations can indicate congenital anomalies or systemic disorders and are influenced by genetic, ethnic, and environmental factors. Despite its cl...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_168_24 |
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| author | Prativa Choudhury Shivani Phugat Vivek Verma Vishesh Jain Devendra Kumar Yadav Anjan Kumar Dhua Sandeep Agarwala Neeta Kumar Prabudh Goel |
| author_facet | Prativa Choudhury Shivani Phugat Vivek Verma Vishesh Jain Devendra Kumar Yadav Anjan Kumar Dhua Sandeep Agarwala Neeta Kumar Prabudh Goel |
| author_sort | Prativa Choudhury |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction:
Stretched penile length (SPL) is a vital anthropometric measurement for providing diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic information. SPL variations can indicate congenital anomalies or systemic disorders and are influenced by genetic, ethnic, and environmental factors. Despite its clinical importance, comprehensive age-stratified reference data for SPL in Indian children are lacking.
Objective:
The objective is to systematically compile and analyse the existing data on SPL in Indian children providing reference values and centile curves in children to improve clinical assessment, diagnostic accuracy and healthcare outcomes.
Materials and Methods:
The evidence-synthesis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines. Data from six eligible studies (2,221 participants aged 28 weeks–16 years) representing different parts of the country were pooled to calculate the combined mean and standard deviation. Reference values and centile curves (5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, 95th) were generated using R software.
Results:
The data were collected using consistent methodologies across studies, though with minor differences in measurement techniques and age stratification. The SPL is shown to increase in a non-linear fashion with the age of the participant with distinct growth patterns during infancy, childhood, and puberty. Two “isomeric” nomograms were developed due to overlapping age groups in the data. Notable growth was observed at ages 1–4, slower growth from 4 to 10 years and a pubertal growth spurt was witnessed thereafter. Wide variability in SPL was observed between ages 5 and 9 years.
Conclusions:
The study provides new, population-specific reference standards and centile curves for SPL in Indian children, aiding in the clinical assessment and diagnosis of genital development disorders. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c95a3d2a5276462c98ceb5c9fd6db6f5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0971-9261 1998-3891 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons |
| spelling | doaj-art-c95a3d2a5276462c98ceb5c9fd6db6f52025-08-20T03:09:00ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons0971-92611998-38912025-03-0130213013710.4103/jiaps.jiaps_168_24Reference Standards for Stretched Penile Length in Indian BoysPrativa ChoudhuryShivani PhugatVivek VermaVishesh JainDevendra Kumar YadavAnjan Kumar DhuaSandeep AgarwalaNeeta KumarPrabudh GoelIntroduction: Stretched penile length (SPL) is a vital anthropometric measurement for providing diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic information. SPL variations can indicate congenital anomalies or systemic disorders and are influenced by genetic, ethnic, and environmental factors. Despite its clinical importance, comprehensive age-stratified reference data for SPL in Indian children are lacking. Objective: The objective is to systematically compile and analyse the existing data on SPL in Indian children providing reference values and centile curves in children to improve clinical assessment, diagnostic accuracy and healthcare outcomes. Materials and Methods: The evidence-synthesis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines. Data from six eligible studies (2,221 participants aged 28 weeks–16 years) representing different parts of the country were pooled to calculate the combined mean and standard deviation. Reference values and centile curves (5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, 95th) were generated using R software. Results: The data were collected using consistent methodologies across studies, though with minor differences in measurement techniques and age stratification. The SPL is shown to increase in a non-linear fashion with the age of the participant with distinct growth patterns during infancy, childhood, and puberty. Two “isomeric” nomograms were developed due to overlapping age groups in the data. Notable growth was observed at ages 1–4, slower growth from 4 to 10 years and a pubertal growth spurt was witnessed thereafter. Wide variability in SPL was observed between ages 5 and 9 years. Conclusions: The study provides new, population-specific reference standards and centile curves for SPL in Indian children, aiding in the clinical assessment and diagnosis of genital development disorders.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_168_24centile curveshypospadiaspenile anthropometrystretched penile length |
| spellingShingle | Prativa Choudhury Shivani Phugat Vivek Verma Vishesh Jain Devendra Kumar Yadav Anjan Kumar Dhua Sandeep Agarwala Neeta Kumar Prabudh Goel Reference Standards for Stretched Penile Length in Indian Boys Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons centile curves hypospadias penile anthropometry stretched penile length |
| title | Reference Standards for Stretched Penile Length in Indian Boys |
| title_full | Reference Standards for Stretched Penile Length in Indian Boys |
| title_fullStr | Reference Standards for Stretched Penile Length in Indian Boys |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reference Standards for Stretched Penile Length in Indian Boys |
| title_short | Reference Standards for Stretched Penile Length in Indian Boys |
| title_sort | reference standards for stretched penile length in indian boys |
| topic | centile curves hypospadias penile anthropometry stretched penile length |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_168_24 |
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