Optimizing the fluidity in thin-section investment casting for vacuum induction molten AZ91D-1 wt.% CaO
This paper discusses an experimental investigation into the fluidity of AZ91D-1 wt.% CaO magnesium melt via induction for thin-section investment casting. Plaster molds with thin spiral cavities (0.5 to 1.5 mm square sections) were designed and manufactured to assess the impact of casting conditions...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213956725001550 |
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| author | V.H. Carneiro V. Lopes I. Duarte H. Puga |
| author_facet | V.H. Carneiro V. Lopes I. Duarte H. Puga |
| author_sort | V.H. Carneiro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper discusses an experimental investigation into the fluidity of AZ91D-1 wt.% CaO magnesium melt via induction for thin-section investment casting. Plaster molds with thin spiral cavities (0.5 to 1.5 mm square sections) were designed and manufactured to assess the impact of casting conditions on filling length, as magnesium alloys cause severe melting and melt-mold exothermic reactions, making investment casting challenging. Combinations of traditional Mg-mold reaction mitigation techniques, such as applying a protective mold coating (Yttria) and vacuum, were examined to determine their role in the filling process. The results suggest that when induction is employed to melt reactive alloys, these methods are not always beneficial, as initially thought. Particularly at higher melt temperatures, the combination of Yttria-coated molds with low-pressure vacuum induction significantly reduce fluidity: vacuum induced melt levitation which promotes oxidation with the residual atmosphere; and Yttria-coating cracking due to thermal stress during the mold fabrication slows filling and promotes significant melt-mold reaction. This study shows that best results to investment cast thin-sections are obtained by avoiding both vacuum and protective coatings, providing a viable route for the precision manufacturing of stent biomedical devices. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c9123a20437a4f2a8ba8bff8eaa7582a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2213-9567 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys |
| spelling | doaj-art-c9123a20437a4f2a8ba8bff8eaa7582a2025-08-20T03:27:25ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2213-95672025-06-011362845285410.1016/j.jma.2025.04.028Optimizing the fluidity in thin-section investment casting for vacuum induction molten AZ91D-1 wt.% CaOV.H. Carneiro0V. Lopes1I. Duarte2H. Puga3INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology - Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real PortugalINL – International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; CMEMS-UMinho, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalTEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Campus Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalCMEMS-UMinho, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; Corresponding author.This paper discusses an experimental investigation into the fluidity of AZ91D-1 wt.% CaO magnesium melt via induction for thin-section investment casting. Plaster molds with thin spiral cavities (0.5 to 1.5 mm square sections) were designed and manufactured to assess the impact of casting conditions on filling length, as magnesium alloys cause severe melting and melt-mold exothermic reactions, making investment casting challenging. Combinations of traditional Mg-mold reaction mitigation techniques, such as applying a protective mold coating (Yttria) and vacuum, were examined to determine their role in the filling process. The results suggest that when induction is employed to melt reactive alloys, these methods are not always beneficial, as initially thought. Particularly at higher melt temperatures, the combination of Yttria-coated molds with low-pressure vacuum induction significantly reduce fluidity: vacuum induced melt levitation which promotes oxidation with the residual atmosphere; and Yttria-coating cracking due to thermal stress during the mold fabrication slows filling and promotes significant melt-mold reaction. This study shows that best results to investment cast thin-sections are obtained by avoiding both vacuum and protective coatings, providing a viable route for the precision manufacturing of stent biomedical devices.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213956725001550AZ91D-1 wt.% CAOFluidityInvestment castingYttria-coatingVacuum |
| spellingShingle | V.H. Carneiro V. Lopes I. Duarte H. Puga Optimizing the fluidity in thin-section investment casting for vacuum induction molten AZ91D-1 wt.% CaO Journal of Magnesium and Alloys AZ91D-1 wt.% CAO Fluidity Investment casting Yttria-coating Vacuum |
| title | Optimizing the fluidity in thin-section investment casting for vacuum induction molten AZ91D-1 wt.% CaO |
| title_full | Optimizing the fluidity in thin-section investment casting for vacuum induction molten AZ91D-1 wt.% CaO |
| title_fullStr | Optimizing the fluidity in thin-section investment casting for vacuum induction molten AZ91D-1 wt.% CaO |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimizing the fluidity in thin-section investment casting for vacuum induction molten AZ91D-1 wt.% CaO |
| title_short | Optimizing the fluidity in thin-section investment casting for vacuum induction molten AZ91D-1 wt.% CaO |
| title_sort | optimizing the fluidity in thin section investment casting for vacuum induction molten az91d 1 wt cao |
| topic | AZ91D-1 wt.% CAO Fluidity Investment casting Yttria-coating Vacuum |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213956725001550 |
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