Antibacterial Activity, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Gene Modulation of Six Medicinal Plants in CHSE-214 Cells
This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of 70% ethanol extracts from six medicinal plants (<i>Chenopodium album</i>, <i>Cassia tora</i>, <i>Cudrania tricuspidata</i>, <i>Dioscorea polystachya</i>, <i>Lonicera japonica</i>, <i>S...
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2025-07-01
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| author | Soo-Ji Woo So-Sun Kim Eun-Ji Jeon Dong-Sung Lee Na-Young Kim |
| author_facet | Soo-Ji Woo So-Sun Kim Eun-Ji Jeon Dong-Sung Lee Na-Young Kim |
| author_sort | Soo-Ji Woo |
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| description | This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of 70% ethanol extracts from six medicinal plants (<i>Chenopodium album</i>, <i>Cassia tora</i>, <i>Cudrania tricuspidata</i>, <i>Dioscorea polystachya</i>, <i>Lonicera japonica</i>, <i>Solidago virgaurea</i> subsp. <i>gigantea</i>) through their antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and immunomodulatory activities, targeting applications in aquaculture. All extracts exhibited potent antibacterial activity (MIC ≤ 10 μg/mL) against <i>Aeromonas</i> spp. and <i>Photobacterium damselae</i> subsp. <i>damselae</i>, but limited efficacy against <i>Streptococcus parauberis</i>. <i>C. tricuspidata</i> (CTR) and <i>C. tora</i> (CTO) demonstrated superior antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1292 μg/mL and IC<sub>50</sub> = 227 μg/mL, respectively), correlating with high polyphenol content (1498 and 1409 mg GAE/g). CTR displayed significant concentration-dependent cytotoxicity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 904.2 μg/mL), while <i>C. album</i> (CA) promoted cell proliferation (132.3% viability). In LPS-stimulated CHSE-214 cells, <i>D. polystachya</i> (DP) induced the highest <i>IL-8</i> expression (207-fold), followed by <i>Chenopodium album</i> (CA) (194-fold <i>IL-8</i>, 49-fold <i>TNF-α</i>) and CTR (245-fold <i>RIPK2</i>), activating NF-κB, MAPK, and NOD-like receptor pathways critical for teleost immunity. <i>Lonicera japonica</i> (LJ) suppressed <i>TNF-α</i> (0.4-fold) and <i>IRF1</i> (0.3-fold), indicating anti-inflammatory potential, while <i>S. virgaurea</i> subsp. <i>gigantea</i> (SV) showed biphasic <i>TNF-α</i> modulation (79-fold at 10 μg/mL, 5-fold at 100 μg/mL). These diverse bioactivities, particularly the robust immunomodulatory effects, highlight the promise of these extracts as natural therapeutic agents for fish health management in aquaculture. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c9114f01ad4c46ffa4e1302be564e007 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2410-3888 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-c9114f01ad4c46ffa4e1302be564e0072025-08-20T03:58:27ZengMDPI AGFishes2410-38882025-07-0110731310.3390/fishes10070313Antibacterial Activity, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Gene Modulation of Six Medicinal Plants in CHSE-214 CellsSoo-Ji Woo0So-Sun Kim1Eun-Ji Jeon2Dong-Sung Lee3Na-Young Kim4Aquaculture Industry Research Division, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Gangneung 25435, Republic of KoreaAquaculture Industry Research Division, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Gangneung 25435, Republic of KoreaPathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of KoreaResearch Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Republic of KoreaAquaculture Industry Research Division, South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Yeosu 59780, Republic of KoreaThis study evaluated the therapeutic potential of 70% ethanol extracts from six medicinal plants (<i>Chenopodium album</i>, <i>Cassia tora</i>, <i>Cudrania tricuspidata</i>, <i>Dioscorea polystachya</i>, <i>Lonicera japonica</i>, <i>Solidago virgaurea</i> subsp. <i>gigantea</i>) through their antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and immunomodulatory activities, targeting applications in aquaculture. All extracts exhibited potent antibacterial activity (MIC ≤ 10 μg/mL) against <i>Aeromonas</i> spp. and <i>Photobacterium damselae</i> subsp. <i>damselae</i>, but limited efficacy against <i>Streptococcus parauberis</i>. <i>C. tricuspidata</i> (CTR) and <i>C. tora</i> (CTO) demonstrated superior antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1292 μg/mL and IC<sub>50</sub> = 227 μg/mL, respectively), correlating with high polyphenol content (1498 and 1409 mg GAE/g). CTR displayed significant concentration-dependent cytotoxicity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 904.2 μg/mL), while <i>C. album</i> (CA) promoted cell proliferation (132.3% viability). In LPS-stimulated CHSE-214 cells, <i>D. polystachya</i> (DP) induced the highest <i>IL-8</i> expression (207-fold), followed by <i>Chenopodium album</i> (CA) (194-fold <i>IL-8</i>, 49-fold <i>TNF-α</i>) and CTR (245-fold <i>RIPK2</i>), activating NF-κB, MAPK, and NOD-like receptor pathways critical for teleost immunity. <i>Lonicera japonica</i> (LJ) suppressed <i>TNF-α</i> (0.4-fold) and <i>IRF1</i> (0.3-fold), indicating anti-inflammatory potential, while <i>S. virgaurea</i> subsp. <i>gigantea</i> (SV) showed biphasic <i>TNF-α</i> modulation (79-fold at 10 μg/mL, 5-fold at 100 μg/mL). These diverse bioactivities, particularly the robust immunomodulatory effects, highlight the promise of these extracts as natural therapeutic agents for fish health management in aquaculture.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/7/313antioxidant capacityaquaculture healthfish pathogensimmune modulationplant extracts |
| spellingShingle | Soo-Ji Woo So-Sun Kim Eun-Ji Jeon Dong-Sung Lee Na-Young Kim Antibacterial Activity, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Gene Modulation of Six Medicinal Plants in CHSE-214 Cells Fishes antioxidant capacity aquaculture health fish pathogens immune modulation plant extracts |
| title | Antibacterial Activity, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Gene Modulation of Six Medicinal Plants in CHSE-214 Cells |
| title_full | Antibacterial Activity, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Gene Modulation of Six Medicinal Plants in CHSE-214 Cells |
| title_fullStr | Antibacterial Activity, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Gene Modulation of Six Medicinal Plants in CHSE-214 Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial Activity, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Gene Modulation of Six Medicinal Plants in CHSE-214 Cells |
| title_short | Antibacterial Activity, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Gene Modulation of Six Medicinal Plants in CHSE-214 Cells |
| title_sort | antibacterial activity antioxidant capacity and immune gene modulation of six medicinal plants in chse 214 cells |
| topic | antioxidant capacity aquaculture health fish pathogens immune modulation plant extracts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/7/313 |
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