Will China’s Brand of Stakeholder Capitalism Sustain Development in the Next 20 Years?

Since 1978, China has developed strongly using a particular form of capitalism that has relied on close relations between private enterprise and the state, and the continuing presence of state-owned enterprises, both centrally and at local levels. This model has been criticised as being responsible...

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Main Author: Ronald W. Anderson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Magyar Nemzeti Bank (Central Bank of Hungary) 2025-06-01
Series:Financial and Economic Review
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hitelintezetiszemle.mnb.hu/sw/static/file/fer-24-2-st1-anderson.pdf
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author Ronald W. Anderson
author_facet Ronald W. Anderson
author_sort Ronald W. Anderson
collection DOAJ
description Since 1978, China has developed strongly using a particular form of capitalism that has relied on close relations between private enterprise and the state, and the continuing presence of state-owned enterprises, both centrally and at local levels. This model has been criticised as being responsible for the rapid rise of debt since 2010, and more recently for the slowdown of growth. I assess the challenges to China’s stated growth ambitions, emphasising the demographic factors that vary across regions. Using examples at the regional and local levels, I illustrate the workings of this system and highlight the challenges for adapting it to support China’s growth ambitions for the coming decades.The conclusion is that China’s public-sector development can no longer be financed principally through land sales, and Chinese savers will need to shift away from real estate and redirect their investments toward equities and other capital-market vehicles.
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publisher Magyar Nemzeti Bank (Central Bank of Hungary)
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spelling doaj-art-c90c2469bb3a46cbacf2fbb5f4c633c92025-08-20T03:14:58ZengMagyar Nemzeti Bank (Central Bank of Hungary)Financial and Economic Review2415-92712415-928X2025-06-0124252610.33893/FER.24.2.5Will China’s Brand of Stakeholder Capitalism Sustain Development in the Next 20 Years?Ronald W. Anderson0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-3079London School of Economics, CEPR, Guangzhou Xinhua University,Since 1978, China has developed strongly using a particular form of capitalism that has relied on close relations between private enterprise and the state, and the continuing presence of state-owned enterprises, both centrally and at local levels. This model has been criticised as being responsible for the rapid rise of debt since 2010, and more recently for the slowdown of growth. I assess the challenges to China’s stated growth ambitions, emphasising the demographic factors that vary across regions. Using examples at the regional and local levels, I illustrate the workings of this system and highlight the challenges for adapting it to support China’s growth ambitions for the coming decades.The conclusion is that China’s public-sector development can no longer be financed principally through land sales, and Chinese savers will need to shift away from real estate and redirect their investments toward equities and other capital-market vehicles.https://hitelintezetiszemle.mnb.hu/sw/static/file/fer-24-2-st1-anderson.pdfstate capitalismdebt overhanginfrastructurelocal public financeenterprise reform
spellingShingle Ronald W. Anderson
Will China’s Brand of Stakeholder Capitalism Sustain Development in the Next 20 Years?
Financial and Economic Review
state capitalism
debt overhang
infrastructure
local public finance
enterprise reform
title Will China’s Brand of Stakeholder Capitalism Sustain Development in the Next 20 Years?
title_full Will China’s Brand of Stakeholder Capitalism Sustain Development in the Next 20 Years?
title_fullStr Will China’s Brand of Stakeholder Capitalism Sustain Development in the Next 20 Years?
title_full_unstemmed Will China’s Brand of Stakeholder Capitalism Sustain Development in the Next 20 Years?
title_short Will China’s Brand of Stakeholder Capitalism Sustain Development in the Next 20 Years?
title_sort will china s brand of stakeholder capitalism sustain development in the next 20 years
topic state capitalism
debt overhang
infrastructure
local public finance
enterprise reform
url https://hitelintezetiszemle.mnb.hu/sw/static/file/fer-24-2-st1-anderson.pdf
work_keys_str_mv AT ronaldwanderson willchinasbrandofstakeholdercapitalismsustaindevelopmentinthenext20years