The effectiveness of Valsalva Maneuver-Assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty in reducing cement leakage in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

Abstract Objectives Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is a highly practical treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). However, cement leakage (CL) after PVP remains a challenging problem. There is a lack of effective methods to reduce CL. The objective of this study is to ev...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yongjie Wang, Xueming Chen, Qian Lu, Libin Cui, Xiangyu Li, Chao Kong, Shibao Lu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08840-4
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849238251233083392
author Yongjie Wang
Xueming Chen
Qian Lu
Libin Cui
Xiangyu Li
Chao Kong
Shibao Lu
author_facet Yongjie Wang
Xueming Chen
Qian Lu
Libin Cui
Xiangyu Li
Chao Kong
Shibao Lu
author_sort Yongjie Wang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objectives Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is a highly practical treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). However, cement leakage (CL) after PVP remains a challenging problem. There is a lack of effective methods to reduce CL. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Valsalva maneuver-assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty (V-PVP) compared to conventional PVP in treating OVCFs. Methods 302 patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into the V-PVP group and the conventional PVP group according to whether they received the Valsalva maneuver intraoperatively. Postoperative CT was performed to determine CL which can be classified as no leakage, cortical leakage, venous leakage, and cortical & venous leakage. CL rate and visual analog scale (VAS), performed before surgery, 1 day, and 6 months after surgery, Operation time, cement volume, pulmonary embolism rate, and hospital stay were compared between the two groups. The age, gender, BMI, BMD, fracture segment (thoracic, thoracolumbar, lumbar), fracture type (mild, moderate), cortical disrupture and cement volume of the two groups were also recorded, Multinomial Logistic regression analysis of all factors was conducted to analyze the relationship between all factors and CL. Results A total of 302 patients were enrolled (150 V-PVP and 152 PVP). The V-PVP group had significantly lower overall CL rates (36.7% vs. 77.6%), lower pulmonary embolism rates (1.3% vs. 17.1%), and shorter hospital stays. Pain relief was significantly better in the V-PVP group at 1 day and 6 months post-surgery (P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis identified male gender and absence of cortical disruption as protective factors against cortical leakage, while Genant grade 2 was a risk factor. Male gender and V-PVP treatment were protective against venous leakage, whereas thoracic fractures and higher BMD were risk factors. No significant differences were found in operation time or cement volume between the groups. Conclusion V-PVP is a more effective and safer option than conventional PVP for treating OVCFs, particularly in reducing cement leakage and pulmonary embolism rates. Future prospective studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate these findings.
format Article
id doaj-art-c9076d97b1a94dfd913136e9e2522130
institution Kabale University
issn 1471-2474
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
spelling doaj-art-c9076d97b1a94dfd913136e9e25221302025-08-20T04:01:42ZengBMCBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders1471-24742025-07-0126111010.1186/s12891-025-08840-4The effectiveness of Valsalva Maneuver-Assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty in reducing cement leakage in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracturesYongjie Wang0Xueming Chen1Qian Lu2Libin Cui3Xiangyu Li4Chao Kong5Shibao Lu6Department of Orthopedics & Elderly Spinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics & Elderly Spinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics & Elderly Spinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics & Elderly Spinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityAbstract Objectives Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is a highly practical treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). However, cement leakage (CL) after PVP remains a challenging problem. There is a lack of effective methods to reduce CL. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Valsalva maneuver-assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty (V-PVP) compared to conventional PVP in treating OVCFs. Methods 302 patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into the V-PVP group and the conventional PVP group according to whether they received the Valsalva maneuver intraoperatively. Postoperative CT was performed to determine CL which can be classified as no leakage, cortical leakage, venous leakage, and cortical & venous leakage. CL rate and visual analog scale (VAS), performed before surgery, 1 day, and 6 months after surgery, Operation time, cement volume, pulmonary embolism rate, and hospital stay were compared between the two groups. The age, gender, BMI, BMD, fracture segment (thoracic, thoracolumbar, lumbar), fracture type (mild, moderate), cortical disrupture and cement volume of the two groups were also recorded, Multinomial Logistic regression analysis of all factors was conducted to analyze the relationship between all factors and CL. Results A total of 302 patients were enrolled (150 V-PVP and 152 PVP). The V-PVP group had significantly lower overall CL rates (36.7% vs. 77.6%), lower pulmonary embolism rates (1.3% vs. 17.1%), and shorter hospital stays. Pain relief was significantly better in the V-PVP group at 1 day and 6 months post-surgery (P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis identified male gender and absence of cortical disruption as protective factors against cortical leakage, while Genant grade 2 was a risk factor. Male gender and V-PVP treatment were protective against venous leakage, whereas thoracic fractures and higher BMD were risk factors. No significant differences were found in operation time or cement volume between the groups. Conclusion V-PVP is a more effective and safer option than conventional PVP for treating OVCFs, particularly in reducing cement leakage and pulmonary embolism rates. Future prospective studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate these findings.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08840-4Valsalva maneuverCement leakagePercutaneous kyphoplastyOsteoporotic vertebral compression fractureCement leakage
spellingShingle Yongjie Wang
Xueming Chen
Qian Lu
Libin Cui
Xiangyu Li
Chao Kong
Shibao Lu
The effectiveness of Valsalva Maneuver-Assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty in reducing cement leakage in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
Valsalva maneuver
Cement leakage
Percutaneous kyphoplasty
Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture
Cement leakage
title The effectiveness of Valsalva Maneuver-Assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty in reducing cement leakage in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
title_full The effectiveness of Valsalva Maneuver-Assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty in reducing cement leakage in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
title_fullStr The effectiveness of Valsalva Maneuver-Assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty in reducing cement leakage in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
title_full_unstemmed The effectiveness of Valsalva Maneuver-Assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty in reducing cement leakage in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
title_short The effectiveness of Valsalva Maneuver-Assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty in reducing cement leakage in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
title_sort effectiveness of valsalva maneuver assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty in reducing cement leakage in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
topic Valsalva maneuver
Cement leakage
Percutaneous kyphoplasty
Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture
Cement leakage
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08840-4
work_keys_str_mv AT yongjiewang theeffectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT xuemingchen theeffectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT qianlu theeffectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT libincui theeffectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT xiangyuli theeffectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT chaokong theeffectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT shibaolu theeffectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT yongjiewang effectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT xuemingchen effectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT qianlu effectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT libincui effectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT xiangyuli effectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT chaokong effectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures
AT shibaolu effectivenessofvalsalvamaneuverassistedpercutaneousvertebroplastyinreducingcementleakageinosteoporoticvertebralcompressionfractures