Gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome: current knowledge and perspectives
Abstract Acute radiation gastrointestinal syndrome (GI-ARS) develops when the intestine is rapidly exposed to large doses of ionizing radiation. In humans, GI-ARS occurs at radiation doses of 6 Gy, with doses of ≥10 Gy typically resulting in death within 10 days. This condition can be caused by vari...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Cell Death Discovery |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-025-02525-6 |
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| author | Michael L. Freeman |
| author_facet | Michael L. Freeman |
| author_sort | Michael L. Freeman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Acute radiation gastrointestinal syndrome (GI-ARS) develops when the intestine is rapidly exposed to large doses of ionizing radiation. In humans, GI-ARS occurs at radiation doses of 6 Gy, with doses of ≥10 Gy typically resulting in death within 10 days. This condition can be caused by various factors, including war, terrorism, nuclear power plant accidents, and cancer therapy-associated adverse events. Developing effective approaches for treating GI-ARS requires a comprehensive understanding of the syndrome. This review summarizes the current body of literature that defines GI-ARS as a consequence of intestinal irradiation. It highlights the paradigm shift in understanding which intestinal stem cells contribute to homeostasis, the critical role of vascular injury in the development of GI-ARS, and recent advances in research on crypt-villus regeneration following radiation injury. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c8ffaaa512cf4e76b5afac7e816bc22f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2058-7716 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cell Death Discovery |
| spelling | doaj-art-c8ffaaa512cf4e76b5afac7e816bc22f2025-08-20T03:10:13ZengNature Publishing GroupCell Death Discovery2058-77162025-05-011111810.1038/s41420-025-02525-6Gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome: current knowledge and perspectivesMichael L. Freeman0Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical CenterAbstract Acute radiation gastrointestinal syndrome (GI-ARS) develops when the intestine is rapidly exposed to large doses of ionizing radiation. In humans, GI-ARS occurs at radiation doses of 6 Gy, with doses of ≥10 Gy typically resulting in death within 10 days. This condition can be caused by various factors, including war, terrorism, nuclear power plant accidents, and cancer therapy-associated adverse events. Developing effective approaches for treating GI-ARS requires a comprehensive understanding of the syndrome. This review summarizes the current body of literature that defines GI-ARS as a consequence of intestinal irradiation. It highlights the paradigm shift in understanding which intestinal stem cells contribute to homeostasis, the critical role of vascular injury in the development of GI-ARS, and recent advances in research on crypt-villus regeneration following radiation injury.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-025-02525-6 |
| spellingShingle | Michael L. Freeman Gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome: current knowledge and perspectives Cell Death Discovery |
| title | Gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome: current knowledge and perspectives |
| title_full | Gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome: current knowledge and perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome: current knowledge and perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome: current knowledge and perspectives |
| title_short | Gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome: current knowledge and perspectives |
| title_sort | gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome current knowledge and perspectives |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-025-02525-6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT michaellfreeman gastrointestinalacuteradiationsyndromecurrentknowledgeandperspectives |