Molecular Identification and Drug Susceptibility of <i>Leishmania</i> spp. Clinical Isolates Collected from Two Regions of Oaxaca, Mexico

Pentavalent antimonials are the first line for leishmaniasis treatment, although they induce many adverse side effects and treatment failure and parasite resistance have been detected. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the main clinical manifestation of the disease in Oaxaca State, Mexico; however, its pre...

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Main Authors: Adriana Moreno-Rodríguez, Ada Sarai Martin del Campo-Colín, Luis Roberto Domínguez-Díaz, Ana Livia Posadas-Jiménez, Félix Matadamas-Martínez, Lilián Yépez-Mulia
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Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Microorganisms
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/2/220
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author Adriana Moreno-Rodríguez
Ada Sarai Martin del Campo-Colín
Luis Roberto Domínguez-Díaz
Ana Livia Posadas-Jiménez
Félix Matadamas-Martínez
Lilián Yépez-Mulia
author_facet Adriana Moreno-Rodríguez
Ada Sarai Martin del Campo-Colín
Luis Roberto Domínguez-Díaz
Ana Livia Posadas-Jiménez
Félix Matadamas-Martínez
Lilián Yépez-Mulia
author_sort Adriana Moreno-Rodríguez
collection DOAJ
description Pentavalent antimonials are the first line for leishmaniasis treatment, although they induce many adverse side effects and treatment failure and parasite resistance have been detected. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the main clinical manifestation of the disease in Oaxaca State, Mexico; however, its presence is under-registered, and information about the <i>Leishmania</i> species that circulate and cause the disease in the region is limited. In this study, the presence of <i>Leishmania</i> was analyzed in 24 skin smears and 2 biopsies from lesions suspicious for leishmaniasis in inhabitants of the Tehuantepec Isthmus and Papaloapan Basin regions, Oaxaca State. By ITS1-PCR, the species of clinical isolates were identified. Moreover, the susceptibility of clinical isolates to leishmanicidal drugs was assessed. Skin smears were negative for the presence of <i>Leishmania</i> spp.; meanwhile, parasite amastigotes were observed in tissue biopsies; however, by ITS1-PCR, 46% of the samples were determined to be positive for the parasite. Six clinical isolates were identified as <i>L. mexicana</i> and had lower susceptibility to Miltefosine and Amphotericin B than the <i>L. mexicana</i> reference strain. No leishmanicidal activity of Glucantime was detected. Further studies with increased patient sample sizes and genotypic studies will describe in detail parasite susceptibility to reference drugs in the region.
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spelling doaj-art-c8fd48e5f4dd4f08accb7cb8215a6c342025-08-20T03:12:04ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-01-0113222010.3390/microorganisms13020220Molecular Identification and Drug Susceptibility of <i>Leishmania</i> spp. Clinical Isolates Collected from Two Regions of Oaxaca, MexicoAdriana Moreno-Rodríguez0Ada Sarai Martin del Campo-Colín1Luis Roberto Domínguez-Díaz2Ana Livia Posadas-Jiménez3Félix Matadamas-Martínez4Lilián Yépez-Mulia5Laboratorio de Estudios Epidemiológicos, Clínicos, Diseños Experimentales e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma “Benito Juárez” de Oaxaca, Avenida Universidad S/N, Ex Hacienda Cinco Señores, Oaxaca 68120, MexicoUnidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, MexicoCentro de Patología Clínica, Licenciatura en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de la Sierra Sur, UNSIS, Guillermo Rojas s/n esq. Av. Universidad, Col. Universitaria, Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz, Oaxaca 70800, MexicoPrograma de Prevención y Control de la Enfermedad de Chagas, Departamento de Prevención y Control de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vector de la Dirección de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud, Servicios de Salud de Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68000, MexicoUnidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, MexicoUnidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, MexicoPentavalent antimonials are the first line for leishmaniasis treatment, although they induce many adverse side effects and treatment failure and parasite resistance have been detected. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the main clinical manifestation of the disease in Oaxaca State, Mexico; however, its presence is under-registered, and information about the <i>Leishmania</i> species that circulate and cause the disease in the region is limited. In this study, the presence of <i>Leishmania</i> was analyzed in 24 skin smears and 2 biopsies from lesions suspicious for leishmaniasis in inhabitants of the Tehuantepec Isthmus and Papaloapan Basin regions, Oaxaca State. By ITS1-PCR, the species of clinical isolates were identified. Moreover, the susceptibility of clinical isolates to leishmanicidal drugs was assessed. Skin smears were negative for the presence of <i>Leishmania</i> spp.; meanwhile, parasite amastigotes were observed in tissue biopsies; however, by ITS1-PCR, 46% of the samples were determined to be positive for the parasite. Six clinical isolates were identified as <i>L. mexicana</i> and had lower susceptibility to Miltefosine and Amphotericin B than the <i>L. mexicana</i> reference strain. No leishmanicidal activity of Glucantime was detected. Further studies with increased patient sample sizes and genotypic studies will describe in detail parasite susceptibility to reference drugs in the region.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/2/220skin smearsITS1 PCRdrug susceptibility
spellingShingle Adriana Moreno-Rodríguez
Ada Sarai Martin del Campo-Colín
Luis Roberto Domínguez-Díaz
Ana Livia Posadas-Jiménez
Félix Matadamas-Martínez
Lilián Yépez-Mulia
Molecular Identification and Drug Susceptibility of <i>Leishmania</i> spp. Clinical Isolates Collected from Two Regions of Oaxaca, Mexico
Microorganisms
skin smears
ITS1 PCR
drug susceptibility
title Molecular Identification and Drug Susceptibility of <i>Leishmania</i> spp. Clinical Isolates Collected from Two Regions of Oaxaca, Mexico
title_full Molecular Identification and Drug Susceptibility of <i>Leishmania</i> spp. Clinical Isolates Collected from Two Regions of Oaxaca, Mexico
title_fullStr Molecular Identification and Drug Susceptibility of <i>Leishmania</i> spp. Clinical Isolates Collected from Two Regions of Oaxaca, Mexico
title_full_unstemmed Molecular Identification and Drug Susceptibility of <i>Leishmania</i> spp. Clinical Isolates Collected from Two Regions of Oaxaca, Mexico
title_short Molecular Identification and Drug Susceptibility of <i>Leishmania</i> spp. Clinical Isolates Collected from Two Regions of Oaxaca, Mexico
title_sort molecular identification and drug susceptibility of i leishmania i spp clinical isolates collected from two regions of oaxaca mexico
topic skin smears
ITS1 PCR
drug susceptibility
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/2/220
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