Clinical analysis and predictive value of early serum lipid levels in very premature and extremely preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a 4 years retrospective study

Abstract Background Lipid metabolism plays an important role in fetal growth and development, but its role in lung maturation is currently unknown. We investigated the relationship between early serum lipid levels and clinical characteristics of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very preterm and e...

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Main Authors: Zhenyu Xiong, Lei Hang, Qingxiong Zhu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-02-01
Series:BMC Pediatrics
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05474-2
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author Zhenyu Xiong
Lei Hang
Qingxiong Zhu
author_facet Zhenyu Xiong
Lei Hang
Qingxiong Zhu
author_sort Zhenyu Xiong
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Lipid metabolism plays an important role in fetal growth and development, but its role in lung maturation is currently unknown. We investigated the relationship between early serum lipid levels and clinical characteristics of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very preterm and extremely preterm infants. Methods This study analyzed the clinical data of preterm infants with gestational age ≤ 32 weeks between January 2020 and February 2024, while clinical risk factors, maternal comorbidities, treatment methods and prognosis were retrospectively reviewed for subjects (n = 341) recruited from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Results Of 228 BPD and 113 non-BPD extremely preterm infants, univariate analysis found that triglyceride (TG, P < 0.01) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL, P = 0.04) levels on the first day of admission were significantly lower in BPD infants, however, apolipoprotein A1 levels were higher than those in the non-BPD group (P < 0.01). Multivariable model further revealed that apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1) was a dominant determinant (OR 6.55, 95% CI 2.61,6.12). Regarding perinatal risk factors, maternal gestational hypertension was a risk factor for the morbidity of BPD (P = 0.04), while prenatal hormone exposure displayed a positive performance (P = 0.01). Kaplan-Meier curve showed no statistical difference in survival between low and normal serum lipid level groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions TG, HDL, Apo-A1 levels provide an insight risk and prognostication stratification in very preterm BPD infants, thus, neonatologists should emphasize high-risk features and optimize preventive therapy.
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spelling doaj-art-c8f7fa892b744ce1808de8721b4deba32025-08-20T02:15:12ZengBMCBMC Pediatrics1471-24312025-02-012511810.1186/s12887-025-05474-2Clinical analysis and predictive value of early serum lipid levels in very premature and extremely preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a 4 years retrospective studyZhenyu Xiong0Lei Hang1Qingxiong Zhu2Department of Neonatology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health HospitalBusiness School, Shanghai Normal University Tianhua CollegeDepartment of Neonatology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health HospitalAbstract Background Lipid metabolism plays an important role in fetal growth and development, but its role in lung maturation is currently unknown. We investigated the relationship between early serum lipid levels and clinical characteristics of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very preterm and extremely preterm infants. Methods This study analyzed the clinical data of preterm infants with gestational age ≤ 32 weeks between January 2020 and February 2024, while clinical risk factors, maternal comorbidities, treatment methods and prognosis were retrospectively reviewed for subjects (n = 341) recruited from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Results Of 228 BPD and 113 non-BPD extremely preterm infants, univariate analysis found that triglyceride (TG, P < 0.01) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL, P = 0.04) levels on the first day of admission were significantly lower in BPD infants, however, apolipoprotein A1 levels were higher than those in the non-BPD group (P < 0.01). Multivariable model further revealed that apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1) was a dominant determinant (OR 6.55, 95% CI 2.61,6.12). Regarding perinatal risk factors, maternal gestational hypertension was a risk factor for the morbidity of BPD (P = 0.04), while prenatal hormone exposure displayed a positive performance (P = 0.01). Kaplan-Meier curve showed no statistical difference in survival between low and normal serum lipid level groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions TG, HDL, Apo-A1 levels provide an insight risk and prognostication stratification in very preterm BPD infants, thus, neonatologists should emphasize high-risk features and optimize preventive therapy.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05474-2Bronchopulmonary dysplasiaPreterm infantPerinatalSerum lipid
spellingShingle Zhenyu Xiong
Lei Hang
Qingxiong Zhu
Clinical analysis and predictive value of early serum lipid levels in very premature and extremely preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a 4 years retrospective study
BMC Pediatrics
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Preterm infant
Perinatal
Serum lipid
title Clinical analysis and predictive value of early serum lipid levels in very premature and extremely preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a 4 years retrospective study
title_full Clinical analysis and predictive value of early serum lipid levels in very premature and extremely preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a 4 years retrospective study
title_fullStr Clinical analysis and predictive value of early serum lipid levels in very premature and extremely preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a 4 years retrospective study
title_full_unstemmed Clinical analysis and predictive value of early serum lipid levels in very premature and extremely preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a 4 years retrospective study
title_short Clinical analysis and predictive value of early serum lipid levels in very premature and extremely preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a 4 years retrospective study
title_sort clinical analysis and predictive value of early serum lipid levels in very premature and extremely preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia a 4 years retrospective study
topic Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Preterm infant
Perinatal
Serum lipid
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05474-2
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