Impact of commercial gut health interventions on caecal metagenome and broiler performance
Abstract Background Maintaining gut health is a persistent and unresolved challenge in the poultry industry. Given the critical role of gut health in chicken performance and welfare, there is a pressing need to identify effective gut health intervention (GHI) strategies to ensure optimal outcomes in...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Microbiome |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-024-02012-7 |
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| author | Gladys Maria Pangga Banaz Star-Shirko Androniki Psifidi Dong Xia Nicolae Corcionivoschi Carmel Kelly Callie Hughes Ursula Lavery Anne Richmond Umer Zeeshan Ijaz Ozan Gundogdu |
| author_facet | Gladys Maria Pangga Banaz Star-Shirko Androniki Psifidi Dong Xia Nicolae Corcionivoschi Carmel Kelly Callie Hughes Ursula Lavery Anne Richmond Umer Zeeshan Ijaz Ozan Gundogdu |
| author_sort | Gladys Maria Pangga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Maintaining gut health is a persistent and unresolved challenge in the poultry industry. Given the critical role of gut health in chicken performance and welfare, there is a pressing need to identify effective gut health intervention (GHI) strategies to ensure optimal outcomes in poultry farming. In this study, across three broiler production cycles, we compared the metagenomes and performance of broilers provided with ionophores (as the control group) against birds subjected to five different GHI combinations involving vaccination, probiotics, prebiotics, essential oils, and reduction of ionophore use. Results Using a binning strategy, 84 (≥ 75% completeness, ≤ 5% contamination) metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from 118 caecal samples were recovered and annotated for their metabolic potential. The majority of these (n = 52, 61%) had a differential response across all cohorts and are associated with the performance parameter — European poultry efficiency factor (EPEF). The control group exhibited the highest EPEF, followed closely by the cohort where probiotics are used in conjunction with vaccination. The use of probiotics B, a commercial Bacillus strain-based formulation, was determined to contribute to the superior performance of birds. GHI supplementation generally affected the abundance of microbial enzymes relating to carbohydrate and protein digestion and metabolic pathways relating to energy, nucleotide synthesis, short-chain fatty acid synthesis, and drug-transport systems. These shifts are hypothesised to differentiate performance among groups and cycles, highlighting the beneficial role of several bacteria, including Rikenella microfusus and UBA7160 species. Conclusions All GHIs are shown to be effective methods for gut microbial modulation, with varying influences on MAG diversity, composition, and microbial functions. These metagenomic insights greatly enhance our understanding of microbiota-related metabolic pathways, enabling us to devise strategies against enteric pathogens related to poultry products and presenting new opportunities to improve overall poultry performance and health. Video Abstract |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c8ec9d19c93e4e999803b7551288d723 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2049-2618 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiome |
| spelling | doaj-art-c8ec9d19c93e4e999803b7551288d7232025-02-02T12:33:53ZengBMCMicrobiome2049-26182025-01-0113112310.1186/s40168-024-02012-7Impact of commercial gut health interventions on caecal metagenome and broiler performanceGladys Maria Pangga0Banaz Star-Shirko1Androniki Psifidi2Dong Xia3Nicolae Corcionivoschi4Carmel Kelly5Callie Hughes6Ursula Lavery7Anne Richmond8Umer Zeeshan Ijaz9Ozan Gundogdu10Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineFaculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineRoyal Veterinary CollegeRoyal Veterinary CollegeBacteriology Branch, Agri-Food and Biosciences InstituteBacteriology Branch, Agri-Food and Biosciences InstitutePilgrim’s Europe LtdPilgrim’s Europe LtdPilgrim’s Europe LtdJames Watt School of Engineering, University of GlasgowFaculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineAbstract Background Maintaining gut health is a persistent and unresolved challenge in the poultry industry. Given the critical role of gut health in chicken performance and welfare, there is a pressing need to identify effective gut health intervention (GHI) strategies to ensure optimal outcomes in poultry farming. In this study, across three broiler production cycles, we compared the metagenomes and performance of broilers provided with ionophores (as the control group) against birds subjected to five different GHI combinations involving vaccination, probiotics, prebiotics, essential oils, and reduction of ionophore use. Results Using a binning strategy, 84 (≥ 75% completeness, ≤ 5% contamination) metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from 118 caecal samples were recovered and annotated for their metabolic potential. The majority of these (n = 52, 61%) had a differential response across all cohorts and are associated with the performance parameter — European poultry efficiency factor (EPEF). The control group exhibited the highest EPEF, followed closely by the cohort where probiotics are used in conjunction with vaccination. The use of probiotics B, a commercial Bacillus strain-based formulation, was determined to contribute to the superior performance of birds. GHI supplementation generally affected the abundance of microbial enzymes relating to carbohydrate and protein digestion and metabolic pathways relating to energy, nucleotide synthesis, short-chain fatty acid synthesis, and drug-transport systems. These shifts are hypothesised to differentiate performance among groups and cycles, highlighting the beneficial role of several bacteria, including Rikenella microfusus and UBA7160 species. Conclusions All GHIs are shown to be effective methods for gut microbial modulation, with varying influences on MAG diversity, composition, and microbial functions. These metagenomic insights greatly enhance our understanding of microbiota-related metabolic pathways, enabling us to devise strategies against enteric pathogens related to poultry products and presenting new opportunities to improve overall poultry performance and health. Video Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-024-02012-7Chicken gut microbiomeMetagenomicsGut healthBroiler performanceShotgun sequencingProbiotics |
| spellingShingle | Gladys Maria Pangga Banaz Star-Shirko Androniki Psifidi Dong Xia Nicolae Corcionivoschi Carmel Kelly Callie Hughes Ursula Lavery Anne Richmond Umer Zeeshan Ijaz Ozan Gundogdu Impact of commercial gut health interventions on caecal metagenome and broiler performance Microbiome Chicken gut microbiome Metagenomics Gut health Broiler performance Shotgun sequencing Probiotics |
| title | Impact of commercial gut health interventions on caecal metagenome and broiler performance |
| title_full | Impact of commercial gut health interventions on caecal metagenome and broiler performance |
| title_fullStr | Impact of commercial gut health interventions on caecal metagenome and broiler performance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of commercial gut health interventions on caecal metagenome and broiler performance |
| title_short | Impact of commercial gut health interventions on caecal metagenome and broiler performance |
| title_sort | impact of commercial gut health interventions on caecal metagenome and broiler performance |
| topic | Chicken gut microbiome Metagenomics Gut health Broiler performance Shotgun sequencing Probiotics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-024-02012-7 |
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