Symptomatic Adverse Events and Quality of Life Related to Incretin-Based Medicines for Obesity: A Systematic Review Involving >400,000 Subjects

<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Obesity is a chronic, progressive, recurrent disease associated with impaired health, affecting an increasing proportion of the population worldwide. Newer-generation incretin-based therapies (IBTs) (liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide) have shown grea...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Robert F. Kushner, Odd Erik Johansen, Krysmaru Araujo Torres, Trà-Mi Phan, Agnieszka Marczewska
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Obesities
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4168/5/2/29
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850164890075922432
author Robert F. Kushner
Odd Erik Johansen
Krysmaru Araujo Torres
Trà-Mi Phan
Agnieszka Marczewska
author_facet Robert F. Kushner
Odd Erik Johansen
Krysmaru Araujo Torres
Trà-Mi Phan
Agnieszka Marczewska
author_sort Robert F. Kushner
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background/Objectives:</b> Obesity is a chronic, progressive, recurrent disease associated with impaired health, affecting an increasing proportion of the population worldwide. Newer-generation incretin-based therapies (IBTs) (liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide) have shown greater efficacy than older anti-obesity medications. This systematic literature review provides an overview of the evidence on the symptomatic adverse events (AEs) and patient-reported outcomes of IBTs to facilitate clinical decision-making. <b>Methods:</b> A systematic search was conducted using a predefined search strategy to identify controlled trials and real-world evidence (RWE) studies assessing IBTs. <b>Results:</b> Among 4414 publications identified, 81 (>400,000 participants) were included. Liraglutide (n = 49), semaglutide (n = 34), and tirzepatide (n = 7) were used in 48 clinical and 33 RWE studies. Gastrointestinal (GI) AEs were most common: placebo-subtracted incidences were 5–39% for nausea, −7–39% for diarrhea, 2–31% for constipation, 0–26% for vomiting, and 2–20% for abdominal pain, with no clear difference across IBTs. Most AEs were mild or moderate and mainly occurred during dose escalation. Quality of life outcomes were reported in 27 publications and generally showed improvements with IBTs. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study confirms that GI AEs are common with IBTs. Clinicians should keep the AE profile of IBTs in mind and consider where additional preventative measures may be required.
format Article
id doaj-art-c8ddc08fc02c4c6d932531fb8d04394e
institution OA Journals
issn 2673-4168
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Obesities
spelling doaj-art-c8ddc08fc02c4c6d932531fb8d04394e2025-08-20T02:21:52ZengMDPI AGObesities2673-41682025-04-01522910.3390/obesities5020029Symptomatic Adverse Events and Quality of Life Related to Incretin-Based Medicines for Obesity: A Systematic Review Involving >400,000 SubjectsRobert F. Kushner0Odd Erik Johansen1Krysmaru Araujo Torres2Trà-Mi Phan3Agnieszka Marczewska4Center for Lifestyle Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USANestlé Health Science, 1800 Vevey, SwitzerlandNestlé Health Science, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, USANestlé Health Science, 1800 Vevey, SwitzerlandNestlé Health Science, 1800 Vevey, Switzerland<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Obesity is a chronic, progressive, recurrent disease associated with impaired health, affecting an increasing proportion of the population worldwide. Newer-generation incretin-based therapies (IBTs) (liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide) have shown greater efficacy than older anti-obesity medications. This systematic literature review provides an overview of the evidence on the symptomatic adverse events (AEs) and patient-reported outcomes of IBTs to facilitate clinical decision-making. <b>Methods:</b> A systematic search was conducted using a predefined search strategy to identify controlled trials and real-world evidence (RWE) studies assessing IBTs. <b>Results:</b> Among 4414 publications identified, 81 (>400,000 participants) were included. Liraglutide (n = 49), semaglutide (n = 34), and tirzepatide (n = 7) were used in 48 clinical and 33 RWE studies. Gastrointestinal (GI) AEs were most common: placebo-subtracted incidences were 5–39% for nausea, −7–39% for diarrhea, 2–31% for constipation, 0–26% for vomiting, and 2–20% for abdominal pain, with no clear difference across IBTs. Most AEs were mild or moderate and mainly occurred during dose escalation. Quality of life outcomes were reported in 27 publications and generally showed improvements with IBTs. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study confirms that GI AEs are common with IBTs. Clinicians should keep the AE profile of IBTs in mind and consider where additional preventative measures may be required.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4168/5/2/29adverse eventsGLP-1incretin-mimeticobesityweight lossnutrition
spellingShingle Robert F. Kushner
Odd Erik Johansen
Krysmaru Araujo Torres
Trà-Mi Phan
Agnieszka Marczewska
Symptomatic Adverse Events and Quality of Life Related to Incretin-Based Medicines for Obesity: A Systematic Review Involving >400,000 Subjects
Obesities
adverse events
GLP-1
incretin-mimetic
obesity
weight loss
nutrition
title Symptomatic Adverse Events and Quality of Life Related to Incretin-Based Medicines for Obesity: A Systematic Review Involving >400,000 Subjects
title_full Symptomatic Adverse Events and Quality of Life Related to Incretin-Based Medicines for Obesity: A Systematic Review Involving >400,000 Subjects
title_fullStr Symptomatic Adverse Events and Quality of Life Related to Incretin-Based Medicines for Obesity: A Systematic Review Involving >400,000 Subjects
title_full_unstemmed Symptomatic Adverse Events and Quality of Life Related to Incretin-Based Medicines for Obesity: A Systematic Review Involving >400,000 Subjects
title_short Symptomatic Adverse Events and Quality of Life Related to Incretin-Based Medicines for Obesity: A Systematic Review Involving >400,000 Subjects
title_sort symptomatic adverse events and quality of life related to incretin based medicines for obesity a systematic review involving 400 000 subjects
topic adverse events
GLP-1
incretin-mimetic
obesity
weight loss
nutrition
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4168/5/2/29
work_keys_str_mv AT robertfkushner symptomaticadverseeventsandqualityofliferelatedtoincretinbasedmedicinesforobesityasystematicreviewinvolving400000subjects
AT odderikjohansen symptomaticadverseeventsandqualityofliferelatedtoincretinbasedmedicinesforobesityasystematicreviewinvolving400000subjects
AT krysmaruaraujotorres symptomaticadverseeventsandqualityofliferelatedtoincretinbasedmedicinesforobesityasystematicreviewinvolving400000subjects
AT tramiphan symptomaticadverseeventsandqualityofliferelatedtoincretinbasedmedicinesforobesityasystematicreviewinvolving400000subjects
AT agnieszkamarczewska symptomaticadverseeventsandqualityofliferelatedtoincretinbasedmedicinesforobesityasystematicreviewinvolving400000subjects