The association of dietary patterns with latent tuberculosis infection among young adults: A case-control study in Shanghai

Introduction: In developing and underdeveloped countries, undernutrition plays a major role in subverting the immune system, leading to an increase in TB infections; this study investigated the associations between dietary patterns and latent tuberculosis infection risk among young adults in Shangh...

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Main Authors: Yu Siyu, Li Shihong, Liu Yang, Jiang Yue, Cai Fengzhu, Xiao Shaotan, Hao Lipeng, He Gengsheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2024-01-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/18465
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author Yu Siyu
Li Shihong
Liu Yang
Jiang Yue
Cai Fengzhu
Xiao Shaotan
Hao Lipeng
He Gengsheng
author_facet Yu Siyu
Li Shihong
Liu Yang
Jiang Yue
Cai Fengzhu
Xiao Shaotan
Hao Lipeng
He Gengsheng
author_sort Yu Siyu
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: In developing and underdeveloped countries, undernutrition plays a major role in subverting the immune system, leading to an increase in TB infections; this study investigated the associations between dietary patterns and latent tuberculosis infection risk among young adults in Shanghai. Methodology: In a case-control study, 96 cases of latent tuberculosis infection and 192 healthy controls were studied among contacts of students in clusters of tuberculosis epidemics in colleges from January 2021 to March 2023. A standardized questionnaire assessing sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary characteristics was applied. Food intake was estimated using a 95-item semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Using the principal component analysis to extract dietary patterns from food groups intake. Logistic regression models were applied. Results: Four dietary patterns were identified: “traditional balanced” pattern, “unsaturated fatty acid” pattern, “snack” pattern, and “protein and fruit” pattern. Four components explaining 64.52% of the total variation in consumption were derived. In a conditional logistic regression analysis, three models were created. After adjusting for various confounders, compared to “snack” pattern, the risk of latent TB infection was 91% lower in the “traditional balanced” pattern (OR 0.05, 95% CI 0.01, 0.38, p = 0.004). Conclusions: To prevent TB infection among young adults living in high TB burden areas, a balanced dietary pattern rather than a "snack” pattern should be promoted in school settings. Future research should explore the risk of developing active tuberculosis in Mtb-infected people with different dietary patterns and the prevention of this risk by healthy dietary patterns.
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spelling doaj-art-c8be3f2e2eb24a22bd89c07669b83c712025-08-20T02:14:16ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802024-01-01180110.3855/jidc.18465The association of dietary patterns with latent tuberculosis infection among young adults: A case-control study in ShanghaiYu Siyu0Li Shihong1Liu Yang2Jiang Yue3Cai Fengzhu4Xiao Shaotan5Hao Lipeng6He Gengsheng7School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, ChinaShanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, ChinaShanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, ChinaShanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, ChinaShanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, ChinaShanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, ChinaShanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, ChinaSchool of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China Introduction: In developing and underdeveloped countries, undernutrition plays a major role in subverting the immune system, leading to an increase in TB infections; this study investigated the associations between dietary patterns and latent tuberculosis infection risk among young adults in Shanghai. Methodology: In a case-control study, 96 cases of latent tuberculosis infection and 192 healthy controls were studied among contacts of students in clusters of tuberculosis epidemics in colleges from January 2021 to March 2023. A standardized questionnaire assessing sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary characteristics was applied. Food intake was estimated using a 95-item semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Using the principal component analysis to extract dietary patterns from food groups intake. Logistic regression models were applied. Results: Four dietary patterns were identified: “traditional balanced” pattern, “unsaturated fatty acid” pattern, “snack” pattern, and “protein and fruit” pattern. Four components explaining 64.52% of the total variation in consumption were derived. In a conditional logistic regression analysis, three models were created. After adjusting for various confounders, compared to “snack” pattern, the risk of latent TB infection was 91% lower in the “traditional balanced” pattern (OR 0.05, 95% CI 0.01, 0.38, p = 0.004). Conclusions: To prevent TB infection among young adults living in high TB burden areas, a balanced dietary pattern rather than a "snack” pattern should be promoted in school settings. Future research should explore the risk of developing active tuberculosis in Mtb-infected people with different dietary patterns and the prevention of this risk by healthy dietary patterns. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/18465Tuberculosis infectiondietary patternsbalanced dietarysnack dietaryyoung adults
spellingShingle Yu Siyu
Li Shihong
Liu Yang
Jiang Yue
Cai Fengzhu
Xiao Shaotan
Hao Lipeng
He Gengsheng
The association of dietary patterns with latent tuberculosis infection among young adults: A case-control study in Shanghai
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Tuberculosis infection
dietary patterns
balanced dietary
snack dietary
young adults
title The association of dietary patterns with latent tuberculosis infection among young adults: A case-control study in Shanghai
title_full The association of dietary patterns with latent tuberculosis infection among young adults: A case-control study in Shanghai
title_fullStr The association of dietary patterns with latent tuberculosis infection among young adults: A case-control study in Shanghai
title_full_unstemmed The association of dietary patterns with latent tuberculosis infection among young adults: A case-control study in Shanghai
title_short The association of dietary patterns with latent tuberculosis infection among young adults: A case-control study in Shanghai
title_sort association of dietary patterns with latent tuberculosis infection among young adults a case control study in shanghai
topic Tuberculosis infection
dietary patterns
balanced dietary
snack dietary
young adults
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/18465
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