Efficacy of Lycium barbarum (Goji berry) mouthwash for managing periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]

Background Removal of the microbial deposits (plaque and calculus) by performing effective scaling and root planing (SRP) is the fundamental step for managing periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis). Various adjuncts in the form of mouthwash, gels, and toothpaste are also being used as ad...

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Main Authors: Laasya Shettigar, Aditi Chopra, Richard Lobo, Amee Sanghavi, Shobha Ullas Kamath, Prajna P Nayak, Ashmeet Shah, Usha Y Nayak, Mangalore Shravya S, Padmaja A Shenoy, ShivaPrasada Gadag
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Language:English
Published: F1000 Research Ltd 2024-11-01
Series:F1000Research
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Online Access:https://f1000research.com/articles/12-302/v4
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author Laasya Shettigar
Aditi Chopra
Richard Lobo
Amee Sanghavi
Shobha Ullas Kamath
Prajna P Nayak
Ashmeet Shah
Usha Y Nayak
Mangalore Shravya S
Padmaja A Shenoy
ShivaPrasada Gadag
author_facet Laasya Shettigar
Aditi Chopra
Richard Lobo
Amee Sanghavi
Shobha Ullas Kamath
Prajna P Nayak
Ashmeet Shah
Usha Y Nayak
Mangalore Shravya S
Padmaja A Shenoy
ShivaPrasada Gadag
author_sort Laasya Shettigar
collection DOAJ
description Background Removal of the microbial deposits (plaque and calculus) by performing effective scaling and root planing (SRP) is the fundamental step for managing periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis). Various adjuncts in the form of mouthwash, gels, and toothpaste are also being used as adjuncts to SRP for managing periodontitis. Recently, Lycium barbarum (L. barbarum), commonly known as goji berry or wolfberry, has gained popularity for managing chronic inflammatory and infectious diseases. However, its efficacy in managing periodontitis has never been explored. Hence the present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of goji berry mouthwash compared to chlorhexidine mouthwash for managing periodontitis. Methods 60 adult participants were divided randomly using computer-generated random sequences into two groups (case group: L. barbarum mouthwash (Males: 16; Female: 14); control group: 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash (Males: 14; Females: 16)). The changes in the gingival index (Gi), plaque index (Pi), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), microbial load, and antioxidant levels (protein thiol) in saliva were noted at the baseline, at 15 days and one month. Results A significant reduction in the mean PPD, Pi, BOP, and Gi was seen from baseline to one month in both the control (P-value=0.006, 0.027, 0.000, and 0.036 respectively) and test groups (P-value=0.035, 0.000, 0.034, and 0.000 respectively). However, the antioxidant levels (protein thiol) in saliva were significantly increased only in the test group. Conclusion Goji berry mouthwash along with SRP reduced the Gi, Pi, BOP, and PPD in patients with periodontitis. However, no statistically significant difference was noted between the use of goji berry and chlorhexidine mouthwash. Goji berry mouthwash was more effective than chlorhexidine in increasing the antioxidant levels in saliva.
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spelling doaj-art-c893ddfd2ece4e81977128191fb2df3b2025-08-20T02:19:31ZengF1000 Research LtdF1000Research2046-14022024-11-011210.12688/f1000research.129891.4174704Efficacy of Lycium barbarum (Goji berry) mouthwash for managing periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]Laasya Shettigar0Aditi Chopra1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4805-5943Richard Lobo2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-1108Amee Sanghavi3Shobha Ullas Kamath4Prajna P Nayak5Ashmeet Shah6Usha Y Nayak7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1995-3114Mangalore Shravya S8Padmaja A Shenoy9https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6781-5579ShivaPrasada Gadag10Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaPeriodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharamcuetical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaManipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaBiochemistry, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaPublic Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaManipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaPharmacuetics, Manipal College of Pharmacuetical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaBiochemistry, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaMicrobiology, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaPharmacuetics, Manipal College of Pharmacuetical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaBackground Removal of the microbial deposits (plaque and calculus) by performing effective scaling and root planing (SRP) is the fundamental step for managing periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis). Various adjuncts in the form of mouthwash, gels, and toothpaste are also being used as adjuncts to SRP for managing periodontitis. Recently, Lycium barbarum (L. barbarum), commonly known as goji berry or wolfberry, has gained popularity for managing chronic inflammatory and infectious diseases. However, its efficacy in managing periodontitis has never been explored. Hence the present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of goji berry mouthwash compared to chlorhexidine mouthwash for managing periodontitis. Methods 60 adult participants were divided randomly using computer-generated random sequences into two groups (case group: L. barbarum mouthwash (Males: 16; Female: 14); control group: 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash (Males: 14; Females: 16)). The changes in the gingival index (Gi), plaque index (Pi), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), microbial load, and antioxidant levels (protein thiol) in saliva were noted at the baseline, at 15 days and one month. Results A significant reduction in the mean PPD, Pi, BOP, and Gi was seen from baseline to one month in both the control (P-value=0.006, 0.027, 0.000, and 0.036 respectively) and test groups (P-value=0.035, 0.000, 0.034, and 0.000 respectively). However, the antioxidant levels (protein thiol) in saliva were significantly increased only in the test group. Conclusion Goji berry mouthwash along with SRP reduced the Gi, Pi, BOP, and PPD in patients with periodontitis. However, no statistically significant difference was noted between the use of goji berry and chlorhexidine mouthwash. Goji berry mouthwash was more effective than chlorhexidine in increasing the antioxidant levels in saliva.https://f1000research.com/articles/12-302/v4Periodontitis Periodontal disease Oral health Dental Hygiene Lycium Barbarum Goji berryeng
spellingShingle Laasya Shettigar
Aditi Chopra
Richard Lobo
Amee Sanghavi
Shobha Ullas Kamath
Prajna P Nayak
Ashmeet Shah
Usha Y Nayak
Mangalore Shravya S
Padmaja A Shenoy
ShivaPrasada Gadag
Efficacy of Lycium barbarum (Goji berry) mouthwash for managing periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
F1000Research
Periodontitis
Periodontal disease
Oral health
Dental Hygiene
Lycium Barbarum
Goji berry
eng
title Efficacy of Lycium barbarum (Goji berry) mouthwash for managing periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
title_full Efficacy of Lycium barbarum (Goji berry) mouthwash for managing periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
title_fullStr Efficacy of Lycium barbarum (Goji berry) mouthwash for managing periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
title_full_unstemmed Efficacy of Lycium barbarum (Goji berry) mouthwash for managing periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
title_short Efficacy of Lycium barbarum (Goji berry) mouthwash for managing periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
title_sort efficacy of lycium barbarum goji berry mouthwash for managing periodontitis a randomized clinical trial version 4 peer review 2 approved 1 approved with reservations
topic Periodontitis
Periodontal disease
Oral health
Dental Hygiene
Lycium Barbarum
Goji berry
eng
url https://f1000research.com/articles/12-302/v4
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