Pulmonary and hepatic fluorosis in rats and the potential prevention by nutraceuticals prepared from green and red pepper seed
Abstract Fluoride with its wide application reflects its unavoidable contamination for human with expected damage of lung and hepatic tissues. The present research aimed at studying the potential protection from pulmonary and hepatic fluorosis in rats by two nutraceuticals (N1 and N2) composed of mi...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Discover Food |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s44187-025-00521-4 |
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| Summary: | Abstract Fluoride with its wide application reflects its unavoidable contamination for human with expected damage of lung and hepatic tissues. The present research aimed at studying the potential protection from pulmonary and hepatic fluorosis in rats by two nutraceuticals (N1 and N2) composed of mixture of alcohol and petroleum ether extracts of green and red sweet pepper seed, respectively. Extracts were subjected to phytochemical analysis. Rats were divided into a normal control group (NC), a control group (FC) consumed drinking water containing 300 ppm sodium fluoride (SFW) and two groups consumed SFW with N1 and N2 administration, respectively. Catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and histopathology were assessed in liver and lung with determination of plasma catalase, MDA, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total bilirubin (TB) and transaminases (ALT and AST). Isoprenoids and α- linolenic acid showed higher percentage in the red variety while higher phenolic contents were present in the green variety. The major phenolic compounds in both seeds were ellagic, chlorogenic and gallic acid. Docosane was the major hydrocarbon in both varieties. Significant increase in MDA, NO, ALT, AST and TB with reduction in TAC and catalase were noticed in FC compared to NC. Severe injuries were observed in lung and hepatic tissues of the FC group. Administered nutraceuticals produced significant improvements in all parameters and in hepatic and pulmonary tissues. Nutraceuticals prepared from pepper seeds afforded protection from hepatic and pulmonary damage due to fluoride exposure which could be related to the presence of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals. Graphical abstract |
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| ISSN: | 2731-4286 |